论陆王“心即理”说的精神实质  

On the Spiritual Essence of Lu-Wang’s Theory of“Mind is Reason”

作　　者：徐春林 郭诺明 苏静 XU Chun-lin;GUO Nuo-ming;SU Jing(Department of Ideological and Political Education,Jiangxi Teacher’s College,Yingtan 335000,Jiangxi,China;School of Marxism,Jiangxi Science&Technology Normal University,Nanchang 330038,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]江西师范高等专科学校思政部,江西鹰潭335000 [2]江西科技师范大学马克思主义学院,江西南昌330038

出　　处：《贵阳学院学报（社会科学版）》2024年第3期1-8,共8页Journal of Guiyang University:Social Sciences

基　　金：江西省社会科学“十四五”基金项目“陆王异同论”(项目编号:22ZX10D)阶段性成果;江西科技师范大学博士科研启动基金“阳明精神尽在江右:江右阳明学经典诠释思想研究”(项目编号:2023BSQD42)阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：“心即理”说是陆王心学的理论基石。陆王心学的问题意识是脱离身心性命的学风而导致的主体性丧失,进而造成生命修养中的“理在心外”问题。“心即理”说要解决的根本问题,主要不是“理”的来源问题,而是“理”和主体(“心”)的关系问题。陆王心学认为,“心”是人的本质属性,“理”是宇宙的本质规定,“心与理一”是生命的根本使命。天人合一的生命追求、生命修养的实际困境、生命的完整性以及与朱子学的合理比较这四个维度是体认“心即理”的基本路径。“心”之六义、“理”之六义既呈现了“心”与“理”的多维性、复杂性与统一性,也表明“心即理”是“心与理一”的路径选择问题。陆王心学的“心即理”说对解决当代主体性丧失的问题具有重要的借鉴意义。The theory of“Mind is Reason”stands as the theoretical cornerstone of Lu Jiuyuan and Wang Yangming’s Mind Study.This school’s issue consciousness arises from the loss of subjectivity due to the disconnection between the body and mind in learning,which further leads to the problem of“reason outside mind”in people’s life cultivation.The fundamental concern of the theory of“Mind is Reason”is not the origin of“reason”but rather the relationship between“reason”and the subject(“mind”).Lu-Wang’s School of Mind believes that the“unity of mind and reason”is the fundamental mission of life as“mind”is the essential attribute of a man,while“reason”embodies the fundamental principles of the universe.The basic path to comprehend this theory lies in the following four dimensions:the life-long pursuit of the unity of heaven and man,the practical difficulty of life cultivation,the integrity of life,and a rational comparison with Zhu Xi’s teachings.The six aspects of“mind”and the six aspects of“reason”not only present the multidimensionality,complexity,and unity of“mind”and“reason”,but they also suggest that the theory of“Mind is Reason”is a path choice issue of the“unity of mind and reason”.This theory has significant implications for addressing the contemporary issues of subjectivity loss.

关 键 词：陆王心学 心即理 生命哲学 

分 类 号：B248.2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]