王阳明“南镇观花”公案再诠释——兼谈其在阳明学建构中的节点意义  

Reinterpretation of Wang Yangming’s“Nanzhen Flower-Viewing”Koan—Its significance in the framework of Wang Yangming’s philosophy

作　　者：黄书 HUANG Shu(School of Humanities,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学人文学院,江苏南京211189

出　　处：《贵阳学院学报（社会科学版）》2024年第3期23-29,共7页Journal of Guiyang University:Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“晚清民国阳明学文献收集整理与研究(1840—1949)”(项目编号:20XZX007)阶段性研究成果之一。

摘　　要：王阳明“南镇观花”公案为理解主客关系提供了新路径,实现了从主客关系到共同体之变化,在哲学史上具有重大的理论创新意义。花的颜色一时“明白”起来,乃是指主体对其观照感通从而使其生机得以对主体彰显,并呈现出主客体未发生关联前的意义世界。“寂”非客体不存在,而是指主体对客体无感应、客体未进入主体意义世界之状态。虽主体对客体有证明、诠释之主动性,然主客体之间并非孤立之存在,而是相互成全之共同体。“南镇观花”公案已包含了“心即理”“知行合一”“致良知”“万物一体”之内涵,是阳明“四大命题”共生并存之历史缩影,在阳明学理论建构过程中具有重要的节点意义。Wang Yangming’s“Nanzhen Flower-Viewing”koan offers a novel perspective on the subject-object relationship,facilitating a theoretical transition from a dualistic to a holistic understanding,marking a significant innovation in the history of philosophy.The moment the flower’s color becomes“clear”signifies that the subject’s contemplation and insight allow the flower’s vibrancy to be revealed to them,thus unveiling the intrinsic meaning of a world prior to the establishment of a subject-object connection.“Silence”in this context does not denote the non-existence of the object but rather the state where the subject has yet to perceive the object,which has not yet impinged upon the subject’s realm of meaning.Although the subject possesses the initiative to affirm and interpret the object,the subject and object are not existing in isolation;they form an interdependent communal entity.This koan encapsulates the essence of“mind is reason,”“unity of knowledge and action,”“the recuperation of conscience,”and“the unity of all things,”serving as a historical microcosm of the symbiosis of Wang Yangming’s“four major doctrines.”It holds a pivotal position in the theoretical edifice of Wang Yangming's philosophy.

关 键 词：“南镇观花” 王阳明 心外无物 意义建构 阳明“四大命题” 

分 类 号：B248.2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]