我国高技能人才评价政策的变迁逻辑——基于历史制度主义视角  

The Changing Logic of Evaluation Policies for High skilled Talents in China:Based on the Perspective of Historical Institutionalism

作　　者：孙君辉 吴雪萍[3] Sun Junhui;Wu Xueping

机构地区：[1]浙江大学教育学院 [2]山东商业职业技术学院继续教育中心 [3]浙江大学国际与比较教育研究中心

出　　处：《中国职业技术教育》2024年第21期13-21,30,共10页Chinese Vocational and Technical Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学重大项目“新发展阶段教育促进共同富裕研究”(项目编号:VFA220003,主持人:顾建民);山东省教育科学“十四五”规划课题“高质量职业教育体系的建构逻辑研究”(项目编号:2021YB075,主持人:孙君辉)。

摘　　要：高技能人才与卓越工程师、大国工匠一并被列入国家战略人才力量之中,高技能人才队伍建设是技能型社会建设的核心,而高技能人才评价政策是高素质技术技能人才队伍建设的关键。我国高技能人才评价政策经历了从模仿借鉴、调整完善到构建中国特色的多元化技能评价体系的历程,政府在政策变迁中发挥了主导作用。政策变迁受经济体制、政治结构及文化观念等深层结构因素影响,变迁动力主要来自产业发展和技术进步、管理体制机制改革以及满足人的全面发展需求,变迁过程呈现较强的路径依赖特征。政府应加强顶层设计,整体构建国家高技能人才评价制度体系,重构高技能人才评价质量观,优化基于职业院校的高技能人才培养培训体系,实现政策的价值理性与工具理性相统一。High skilled talents,along with outstanding engineers and great country craftsmen,are included in the national strategic talent force.The construction of a high skilled talent team is the core of the construction of a skilled society,and the evaluation policy for high skilled talents is the key to the construction of a high-quality technical and skilled talent team.The evaluation policy for high skilled talents in our country has gone through a process from imitation and reference,adjustment and improvement to building a diversified skill evaluation system with Chinese characteristics,and the government has played a leading role in the policy changes.Policy changes are influenced by deep-seated structural factors such as economic system,political structure,and cultural concepts.The driving force of changes mainly comes from industrial development and technological progress,management system and mechanism reform,and meeting the comprehensive development needs of people.The process of changes exhibits strong path dependence characteristics.The government should strengthen the top-level design and overall construction of the national high skilled talent evaluation system,reconstruct the quality concept of high skilled talent evaluation,optimize the high skilled talent training system based on vocational colleges,and achieve the unity of policy value rationality and tool rationality.

关 键 词：职业教育 高技能人才 评价政策 技能型社会 历史制度主义 

分 类 号：G710[文化科学—职业技术教育学]