纵断面基础线形行车动力学效应对比研究  

Comparative Study on Dynamic Effect of Basic Longitudinal Section Alignment

作　　者：杜永平 王鹏 DU Yongping;WANG Peng(Tongji Architectural Design(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200092,China;Shanghai Municipal Transportation Design Institute Company Limited,Shanghai 200030,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学建筑设计研究院(集团)有限公司,上海市200092 [2]上海市政交通设计研究院有限公司,上海市200030

出　　处：《中外公路》2024年第4期225-238,共14页Journal of China & Foreign Highway

基　　金：同济大学建筑设计研究院(集团)有限公司挂帅类基金项目(编号:2022J-JB03)。

摘　　要：为提升旧路改造工程线形,通过受力分析,将线形、平整度参数作为动力学方程的主要变量,并建立“人-车-路”动力学分析模型;设计了对比线形组,一组设置缓和竖曲线,另一组则不设置,采用Newmark-β法编制程序,对半径为7000 m基础线形产生的动力学效应进行计算分析;采用加速度峰值、加速度均方根、振动周期和频率等振动指标,对基础线形组动力学效应进行分析,在分析振动区的形成原因、衰变规律的基础上,划分线形内的振动区和稳定区范围;增设缓和竖曲线后,车辆振动形态发生显著变化,加速度振动峰值和加速度均方根大幅降低,降至常规基础线形的5%以内,有效消除了车辆振动感知;计算分析了车辆类型、重量、悬挂系统参数对两组线形动力学效应的影响,发现增设缓和竖曲线后,振动降幅较大,对各种车辆适应性更强;计算分析线形组与不同平整度使用状态的耦合作用,发现常规基础线形在振动区的耦合作用较为明显,加速度均方根为直坡形态下的95%~161%,而增设缓和竖曲线后,耦合作用系数接近1,线形基本接近“人‒车‒路”系统的理想平面状态。通过以上研究,发现增加缓和竖曲线可有效提升线形行车质量,增强线形对车辆和工况环境的适应性。To improve the alignment in the old road reconstruction project,stress analysis was carried out,and the alignment and smoothness parameters were used as the major variables in the dynamic equation.A“humanvehicle-road”dynamic analysis model was established,and alignment comparison groups were set,with only one group set with easing vertical curves.The Newmark-βmethod was used for programming and calculating the dynamic effects generated by the basic alignment with a radius of 7000 m.The vibration indicators such as peak acceleration,root mean square of acceleration,vibration period,and frequency were used to analyze the dynamic effects of the basic alignment group.By analyzing the causes and decay rules of the vibration zone,the vibration zone and stable zone within the alignment were defined.The addition of easing vertical curves significantly changed the vibration mode of the vehicle,greatly reducing the peak acceleration and root mean square of acceleration to 5% within the conventional basic alignment and effectively eliminating the perception of vehicle vibration.The influence of vehicle type,vehicle weight,and suspension system parameters on the dynamic effects of the two alignment groups was analyzed.The addition of easing vertical curves greatly reduced the vibration,making the alignment more adaptable to various vehicles.The coupling effect between the alignment groups and different smoothness application states was analyzed.The coupling effect of the conventional basic alignment in the vibration zone was more significant,with the root mean square of acceleration being 95%‒161% that of the straight slope shape.After adding easing vertical curves,the coupling coefficient approached 1,and the alignment was close to the ideal plane of the“human-vehicle-road”system.Through the above research,it is found that adding easing vertical curves can effectively improve the vehicle running quality of the alignment and enhance its adaptability to vehicles and road conditions.

关 键 词：道路工程 纵断面线形 动力学 车辆振动 行车舒适性 

分 类 号：U412[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]