基于扰动观测的小型反作用飞轮高精度控制  

Disturbance-observer-based high precision control of small reaction flywheels

作　　者：沈莹 张晓磊 孔令波 胡慧莹 Shen Ying;Zhang Xiaolei;Kong Lingbo;Hu Huiying(Changguang Satellite Technology Co.,Ltd.,Changchun 130000,China)

机构地区：[1]长光卫星技术股份有限公司,吉林长春130000

出　　处：《电子技术应用》2024年第7期65-70,共6页Application of Electronic Technique

摘　　要：反作用飞轮是卫星姿态控制系统的关键部件,其性能指标直接关系到光学遥感卫星的控制精度。为了实现高精度的反作用飞轮转速控制,提出了一种基于扰动观测器的非线性控制方法。首先,建立了基于无刷直流电机的反作用飞轮数学模型,分析了影响转速控制精度的因素,并构建了用于控制器设计的非线性模型。然后,结合扰动观测器和非线性控制理论设计了基于扰动观测的非线性控制器,并利用李雅普诺夫理论证明了控制方法的稳定性。最后,通过数值仿真证明飞轮转速可以平稳达到控制目标值,精度优于传统的PI控制方法,并在飞轮实体上验证了本文方法的有效性。Reaction flywheels is a key component of the satellite attitude control system,and its performance is directly related to the control accuracy of optical remote sensing satellites.In order to achieve high precision control of the speed for reaction flywheel,a disturbance-observer-based nonlinear control method is proposed.Firstly,the mathematical model of the reaction flywheel based on the brushless DC motor is established,the factors affecting the speed control accuracy are analyzed,and the nonlinear model for the controller design is constructed.Then,a disturbance-observer-based nonlinear controller is designed by combining disturbance observer and nonlinear control theory,and the stability of the control method is proved by using Lyapunov theory.Finally,the numerical simulation indicates that the flywheel speed can reach the control target smoothly,and the accuracy is better than the traditional PI control method.Moreover,the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified on the real flywheel control test.

关 键 词：反作用飞轮 无刷直流电机 干扰观测器 非线性控制器 

分 类 号：V448.22[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]