色彩捕捉者——淀粉与碘的美妙邂逅  

Color Catcher:A Marvelous Encounter of Starch and Iodine

作　　者：丁琳 张津芃 李俊锋 刘大颖 Lin Ding;Jinpeng Zhang;Junfeng Li;Daying Liu(Department of Basic Science,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300384,China;Chemistry Experiment Teaching Center,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院基础科学学院,天津300392 [2]天津农学院化学实验教学中心,天津300392

出　　处：《大学化学》2024年第6期334-341,共8页University Chemistry

基　　金：天津农学院本科教育教学研究与改革项目(2023-B-47);天津农学院国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202310061035);天津市科技计划项目技术创新引导专项(基金)(20YDTPJC01160);天津农学院课程思政示范课程建设项目;天津农学院一流本科建设课程项目。

摘　　要：淀粉是一种植物多糖,通常由直链淀粉和支链淀粉两部分组成。淀粉遇碘显蓝色的性质,早已被人们所知晓,并因其显色非常灵敏而在检验碘或淀粉存在的实验中被广泛应用。然而,淀粉遇碘显色不一定是蓝色,其显色与淀粉组成有直接关系。本文通过探究不同食物淀粉及不同因素(淀粉浓度、碘伏浓度、温度、酸碱度、聚合度)遇碘显色不同,科普色彩捕捉之淀粉与碘的美妙邂逅,感受淀粉邂逅碘的神奇显色之趣。本科普实验材料均取自常见食物淀粉以及消毒水碘伏等,成本低,绿色环保无毒安全易操作。通过淀粉与碘不同显色制备绿色环保多色墨水,融合传统书法、国画等创作书法和国画作品;尝试神奇的碘钟反应、碘熏法指纹勘测、淀粉制备非牛顿流体等体验化学实验的奇妙与乐趣,受众面广,实现梯度科普,趣味性强,通过线下体验活动,感受化学之趣、色彩之美,启发对化学的兴趣与热爱,收获良好的科普效果。Starch,a plant polysaccharide typically comprising amylose and amylopectin,exhibits a well-known property of turning blue upon encountering iodine.This color reaction,celebrated for its sensitivity,has found widespread application in experiments aimed at detecting iodine or starch.However,the coloration of starch upon iodine exposure is not always blue;rather,it varies depending on the starch composition.This study explores the diverse coloration exhibited by different food starches under various conditions(starch concentration,iodophor concentration,temperature,pH,polymerization degree),capturing the enchanting encounter between starch and iodine.Utilizing common food starches and iodophors as experimental materials,this educational experiment is costeffective,environmentally friendly,non-toxic,and user-friendly.By harnessing the distinct color reactions of starch and iodine,we create environmentally friendly multi-color ink,seamlessly integrating traditional calligraphy and Chinese painting techniques.Additionally,we explore captivating chemical experiments such as the magical iodine clock reaction,iodine fumigation for fingerprint analysis,and the preparation of non-Newtonian fluids from starch.With its strong appeal and broad audience reach,this experiment effectively employs gradient science popularization strategies.Through hands-on offline activities,participants experience the beauty of chemistry firsthand,fostering a deep appreciation and passion for the subject.The experiment yields significant outcomes in promoting scientific literacy and cultivating interest in chemistry among learners.

关 键 词：淀粉 碘 显色 梯度科普 

分 类 号：G64[文化科学—高等教育学] O6[文化科学—教育学]