基于类器官芯片的药物筛选及其中的生物化学原理  

Organoid-on-a-Chip for Drug Screening and the Inherent Biochemistry Principles

作　　者：渠志倍 王昌鑫 醴磊 李佳泽 张骏 Zhibei Qu;Changxin Wang;Lei Li;Jiaze Li;Jun Zhang(Department of Medicinal Chemistry,School of Pharmacy,Fudan University,Shanghai 201203,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学药学院药物化学系,上海201203

出　　处：《大学化学》2024年第7期278-286,共9页University Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(22004058);上海市科委“科技创新行动计划”实验动物研究领域专项项目(23141900900)。

摘　　要：类器官芯片是21世纪新兴前沿交叉技术,其通过对人体细胞进行三维体外培养,使之发育为具有符合人体生理、病理条件,以及具有类人体器官功能的类器官。类器官芯片可集成于电子化芯片,在药物筛选及安全性评价、个性化诊疗、体外诊断等方面有广泛的应用空间。类器官芯片作为近年来新兴的前沿技术,和传统的基于细胞和实验动物的药物筛选方法相比,具备成本低廉、动物福利性好、准确性高、适用面广等优点,代表了药物筛选和安全性评估的未来发展方向。类器官芯片用于药物筛选,其背后蕴含了丰富的生物化学原理。将类器官芯片相关知识引入大学课堂,对医药类专业本科及研究生了解药物研发前沿热点,同时系统化理解原本零散的生物化学知识都有重要作用。因此,本文以类器官芯片为出发点,将介绍类器官芯片的概念、原理、构建方式及其在药物筛选中的应用,并展望其未来发展前景。同时立足类器官芯片在细胞生物学、药物化学、生物化学、电子信息科学等领域的多学科交叉特点,分析其背后的生物化学原理,并结合“生物化学”教学进行8课时的课程设计建议,以适应新时代医药类创新人才培养的课程要求。Organoid-on-a-chip technology emerges as a groundbreaking interdisciplinary innovation of the 21st century,cultivating human cells in three-dimensions ex vivo to form organoids.These organoids replicate human physiological and pathological conditions as well as functions akin to human organs.Integratable with electronic chips,this technology finds extensive applications in drug screening,safety evaluation,personalized medicine,in vitro diagnosis.As a recent avant-grade technological advancement,organoid-on-a-chip demonstrates several benefits over traditional cell-based animal testing methods used for drug screening,such as lower costs,better animal welfare,higher precision,and wider applicability.This positions it at the forefront of future drug screening and safety evaluation methodologies.The use of organoid chips in drug screening encapsulates a plethora of inherent biochemical principles.Incorporating organoid-on-chip related knowledge into university curricula plays a significant role in enabling medical and pharmaceutical students to stay abreast of the forefront in drug development and to grasp biochemical concepts in a more systematic manner.Therefore,this paper begins with the concept of organoid chips,exploring their design,principles,and applications in drug screening,while anticipating their future developments.Simultaneously,it focuses on the multidisciplinary interdisciplinary characteristics of organoid chips in fields,such as cell biology,medicinal chemistry,biochemistry,and electronic information science,analyzing the inherent biochemical principles.In line with this,the paper proposes an 8 lecture-course design for the Biochemistry curriculum,aiming to meet the evolving educational demands for nurturing innovative talents in the pharmaceutical sector.

关 键 词：类器官芯片 药物筛选 器官培养 生物化学教学 

分 类 号：G64[文化科学—高等教育学] O6[文化科学—教育学]