细菌素纯化技术及其应用研究进展  

Review on bacteriocin purification technology and its application

作　　者：龙赟而 潘瑞雪 赵一宁 彭金菊 马驿[1] LONG Yuner;PAN Ruixue;ZHAO Yining;PENG Jinju;MA Yi(College of Coastal Agriculture,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang Guangdong 524088,China)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学滨海农业学院,广东湛江524088

出　　处：《中兽医医药杂志》2024年第4期40-47,共8页Journal of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金项目(2023A1515012181)。

摘　　要：细菌素是一种由细菌在核糖体内合成并释放到胞外,具有抑菌或杀菌效果的多肽。大量研究表明细菌素具有调节肠道微生物种群、抗炎和抗癌等作用。然而,细菌素纯化成本高、产量低且存在一定环境污染是限制细菌素广泛应用的重要因素。提高细菌素的纯化倍数和回收率是其纯化的关键,增加细菌素的比活力和产量对其生产应用至关重要。合理选择纯化技术,可以有效提高细菌素的产量、纯度和回收率。由于细菌素的分子量和带电荷性质具有差异性,应根据其特性选择不同的纯化技术。细菌素的纯化包括粗分离纯化和精细分离纯化,粗分离纯化技术包括硫酸铵沉淀法、有机溶剂萃取法、大孔树脂法和透析法,精细分离纯化技术包括离子交换层析法、凝胶过滤层析法、反相高效液相色谱法等。广泛应用的细菌素纯化技术包括硫酸铵沉淀、离子交换层析、凝胶过滤层析和反相高效液相色谱等,并且由这几种技术组合的两步法和三步法纯化技术近几年应用较多。近年来,快速蛋白液相色谱等非传统的纯化技术逐渐应用于细菌素的精细分离纯化。高效、低成本、无污染、绿色环保的细菌素纯化技术是其进一步研究的关键,这些技术难点的突破将为细菌素在医疗领域中的应用奠定基础。本文对细菌素的纯化技术及其应用进行归纳分析,可为细菌素的进一步开发与应用提供参考。Bacteriocin is a kind of polypeptide synthesized by bacteria in the ribosome and released into the cell,which has antibacterial or bactericidal effect.A large number of studies had shown that bacteriocin had the effects of regulating intestinal microbial population,anti-inflammatory and anticancer.However,the high cost of bacteriocin purification,low yield and some environmental pollution are important factors limiting the wide application of bacteriocin.Improving the purification ratio and recovery rate of bacteriocin is the key to its purification.Increasing the specific activity and yield of bacteriocin is very important for its production and application.Reasonable selection of purification technology can effectively improve the yield,purity and recovery of bacteriocin.Because of the difference in molecular weight and charge-carrying properties of bacteriocins,different purification techniques should be selected according to their characteristics.The purification of bacteriocin includes crude separation purification and fine separation purification.The crude separation purification technology includes ammonium sulfate precipitation method,organic solvent extraction method,macroporous resin method and dialysis method,and the fine separation and purification technology includes ion exchange chromatography,gel filtration chromatography,reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography and so on.The widely used bacteriocin purification technologies include ammonium sulfate precipitation,ion exchange chromatography,gel filtration chromatography and reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography,etc.,and the two-step and three-step purification technologies combined by these technologies have been widely used in recent years.In recent years,non-traditional purification techniques such as fast protein liquid chromatography had been gradually applied to the fine separation and purification of bacteriocins.In this paper,the purification technology and application of bacteriocin were summarized and analyzed,w

关 键 词：细菌素 多肽 分离 纯化 硫酸铵沉淀 凝胶过滤层析 应用 

分 类 号：S852.6[农业科学—基础兽医学]