高速列车周围风雪运动特性及转向架区域积雪成因分析  

Movement Characteristics of Wind and Snow around High-speed Trains and Causes of Snow Accumulation in Bogie Regions

作　　者：王家斌 高广军[1,2,3] 张琰[1,2,3] 于尧 李健 商雯斐[1,2,3] WANG Jiabin;GAO Guangjun;ZHANG Yan;YU Yao;LI Jian;SHANG Wenfei(The State Key Laboratory of Heavy-Duty and Express High-Power Electric Locomotive,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Safety Technology for Rail Vehicle,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;School of Traffic&Transportation Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学重载快捷大功率电力机车全国重点实验室,湖南长沙410075 [2]中南大学轨道交通列车安全保障技术国家地方联合工程研究中心,湖南长沙410075 [3]中南大学交通运输工程学院,湖南长沙410075

出　　处：《铁道学报》2024年第7期30-41,共12页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52202429,U2268217);湖南省自然科学基金(2023JJ40747)。

摘　　要：采用基于Realizable k-ε模型的非定常雷诺时均方法(URANS)和离散相模型(DPM)研究高速列车底部转向架及其腔体区域的严重积雪问题。基于高速列车底部风雪两相流时空运动演化特性进行深入分析,并对转向架区域积雪成因进行归纳总结。研究结果表明:大量雪粒跟随转向架区域剪切层下方的高速气流流出转向架区域,部分雪粒在转向架中间区域和后端板附近跟随上扬气流向上扬起并撞击黏附在转向架和后端板迎风面,并在转向架底面形成大量积雪;仅有少量雪粒在后侧电机和后端板附近向上爬升至转向架上方,在后端板顶部相遇汇聚后在低速气流驱动下游离折返至前端板附近并重新汇入车底流场,悬浮雪粒在重力作用下沉积在转向架顶面,并在转向架上表面形成少量积雪。The issue of serious snow accumulation around the bogie regions of a high-speed train was investigated using the coupled numerical method of unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes simulations(URANS)with Realizable k-εcoupled with the discrete phase model(DPM).The causes of snow accumulation in the bogie area were revealed based on the comprehensive analysis of the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of the wind and snow two-phase flow in the bogie region.The research results show that a large number of snow particles follow the high-speed airflow beneath the shear layer in the bogie region and flow out of the bogie cavity,with some of the snow particles following the upward airflow in the middle bogie cavity and near the rear end plate and sticking onto the windward side of the bogies and rear plates,thereby contributing to massive snow accumulation on the bottom surface of the bogie.Only a few snow particles in the vicinity of the rear side motors and rear end plates climb upward into the upper region of the bogie cavity,and converge at the top of the rear end plate before returning to the front end plate driven by low-speed airflow and rejoining the underbody flow field.The suspended snow particles deposit on the top surface of the bogie with the action of gravity,therefore causing a small amount of snow accretion on the upper surface of the bogie.

关 键 词：高速列车 转向架区域 风雪两相流 数值模拟 冰雪风洞试验 积雪成因 

分 类 号：U271.91[机械工程—车辆工程]