体育活动对青少年社会适应的影响:链式中介模型及性别差异  

The effect of physical activity on social adjustment in adolescents:A serial mediation model and the gender differences

作　　者：孙启菲 焦陆英 张国礼 SUN Qifei;JIAO Luying;ZHANG Guoli(College of Psychology,Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084)

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学心理学院,北京100084

出　　处：《心理研究》2024年第4期375-382,共8页Psychological Research

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助课题(2022YB003)。

摘　　要：使用体育活动等级量表(PARS-3)、主观锻炼体验量表(SEES)、身体自我描述问卷(PSDQ)和青少年社会适应状况评估问卷(ASAAS)对453名中学生进行调查,探讨体育活动对青少年社会适应的影响及作用机制。结果表明,男生在体育活动量和锻炼体验幸福感上得分显著高于女生;高体育活动水平的青少年在主观锻炼体验幸福感、身体自尊和社会适应上得分均显著高于低体育活动水平青少年;锻炼体验幸福感和身体自尊在体育活动与青少年社会适应中起链式中介作用;体育活动→身体自尊→社会适应路径在女生群体中显著,在男生群体中不显著。本研究揭示了体育活动对青少年社会适应的作用机制,对体教融合、体育课教学设计具有一定启发意义。This study investigated the effects of physical activity on adolescent social adjustment using the Physical Activity Rating Scale(PARS-3),the Subjective Exercise Experience Scale(SEES),the Physical Self-Description Questionnaire(PSDQ),and the Assessment of Adolescent Social Adjustment Status Ques-tionnaire(ASAAS)in 453 secondary school students.The results showed that the physical activity and ex-ercise experienced well-being of boys were significantly higher than that of girls.The exercise experienced well-being,body self-esteem and social adjustment of adolescents with high physical activity level were significantly higher than those with low physical activity level.Exercise experienced well-being and body esteem played a chain mediating role in physical activity and adolescents'social adjustment.There was gender difference in the chain mediation model of promoting effect of adolescent physical activity on social adjustment,the path of physical activity→body self-esteem→social adjustment was significant in girls,but not in boys.This study reveals the mechanism of the effect of physical activity on adolescents'social adjustment,which has reference value for the integration of sports and education.

关 键 词：体育活动 社会适应 锻炼体验幸福感 身体自尊青少年 

分 类 号：B844.2[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学] G804.8[哲学宗教—心理学]