横风环境下高速列车气动力模拟与分析  

Aerodynamic Simulation and Analysis of High-speed Train Under Crosswind Environment

作　　者：程凯 祁文哲[2,3,4] Cheng Kai;Qi Wenzhe(Mechatronics T&R Institute,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Gansu Provincial Industry Technology Center of Logistics&Transport Equipment,Lanzhou 730070,China;Gansu Provincial Engineering Technology Center for Informatization of Logistics&Transport Equipment,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学机电技术研究所,兰州730070 [2]兰州交通大学机电工程学院,兰州730070 [3]甘肃省物流与运输装备行业技术中心,兰州730070 [4]甘肃省物流及运输装备信息化工程技术研究中心,兰州730070

出　　处：《机电工程技术》2024年第7期201-204,216,共5页Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology

摘　　要：为探究不同风攻角、风向角下高速列车所受气动力特性,通过数值模拟的方法对高速列车所在风场进行研究。采用时间序列法模拟得到列车移动点的脉动风速时程,根据准定常假设下风速与气动力之间的关系计算得到列车所受静风力和抖振风力,分析了不同参数对计算结果的影响。结果表明,在同一模拟点下,相较于顺风向脉动风,竖向脉动风的脉动量更小;同一风攻角,风向角越大,静风力越小;同一风向角,风攻角越接近3°,静横向力越小;风攻角越接近0°,静升力越小;随着风攻角由-3°过渡到3°,同一车速下,脉动横向力逐渐减小,而脉动升力先减小后增大;同一风攻角下,随着风向角增大,脉动横向力标准差先增大后减小;脉动升力除风攻角为-3°且呈现逐渐增大的趋势外,其余两种均为先减小后增大;气动力的离散程度即变异系数与风攻角关系不大,主要与风向角有关,风向角越大变异系数越大。In order to explore the aerodynamic characteristics of high-speed trains at different wind attack angles and wind direction angles,the wind field where the high-speed train is located is studied by numerical simulation.The AR model method is used to simulate the pulsating wind speed series of the moving point of the train,and the static wind force and jitter wind force of the train are calculated according to the relationship between the wind speed and the aerodynamic force under the assumption of quasi-fixed length,and the influence of different parameters on the calculation results is analyzed.The results show that at the same simulation point,the pulsation amount of vertical pulsating wind is smaller than that of downwind pulsating wind.The same wind attack angle,the larger the wind direction angle,the smaller the static wind force.The same wind direction angle,the closer the wind attack angle is 3°,the smaller the static lateral force.The closer the wind attack angle is to 0°,the smaller the static lift force.With the transition of the wind attack angle from-3° to 3°,the pulsating lateral force gradually decreases at the same vehicle speed,while the pulsating lift first decreases and then increases.Under the same wind attack angle,with the increase of wind direction angle,the standard deviation of pulsating lateral force first increases and then decreases.Except for the wind attack angle of-3°,the other two types of pulsating lift decrease first and then increase.The degree of dispersion of aerodynamic forces,that is,the coefficient of variation has little to do with the angle of attack of the wind,mainly related to the angle of wind direction,and the larger the angle of wind direction,the greater the coefficient of variation.

关 键 词：横风 高速列车 风攻角 时间序列法 气动力 

分 类 号：U270.1[机械工程—车辆工程]