人造子宫技术的伦理治理探析——基于部分外生技术的考察  

An Analysis of Ethical Governance of Artificial Uterine Technology:Examination Based on Partial Ectogenesis Technology

作　　者：王凯宁[1] 王乐 WANG Kaining;WANG Yue(Research Center for Philosophy of Science and Technology,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大学科学技术哲学研究中心,山西太原030006

出　　处：《医学与哲学》2024年第15期6-11,共6页Medicine and Philosophy

基　　金：2022年国家社会科学基金一般项目(22BZX021)。

摘　　要：人造子宫是辅助生殖技术的前沿领域,其当前具有可行性的研究方向是部分外生技术。部分外生是将早产的胎儿移植到人造子宫中进行孕育,其价值主要体现在早产儿救治、胎儿治疗、减少妊娠并发症等方面。尽管该技术尚未被批准用于人体试验,但其可能引发的堕胎自由争议、风险与受益平衡、父母权利平等、新生儿道德地位等方面的伦理问题值得我们关注。研究者和医学从业者需要遵从特定的伦理框架,坚持患者最佳利益标准,明确父母的权利和责任,通过评估确保社会公正,明确治疗与增强的界限,才能推动这项技术朝着科技向善的方向发展。Artificial womb,whose current feasible research direction is partial ectogenesis technology,is a cutting-edge research area in assisted reproductive technology.Partial ectogenesis refers to the transplantation of premature fetuses into artificial womb for instead of human pregnancy,and its value is mainly manifest in the treatment of premature infants,fetal treatment,and reduction of pregnancy complications.Although this technology has not yet been approved for human trials,the ethical issues it may raise,such as controversy over abortion freedom,balancing risks and benefits,equal parental rights,and the moral status of newborns,are worthy of attention.The researchers and medical practitioners need to adhere to specific ethical frameworks,adhere to patients'best interest standards,clarify parental rights and responsibilities,ensure social justice through evaluation,and clarify the boundaries between treatment and enhancement,in order to promote the development of this technology towards"Technology for Good".

关 键 词：人造子宫技术 部分外生 超早产儿 科技伦理 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生]