质谱技术分析表征多糖类化合物结构的应用进展  

Progress in Application of Mass Spectrometry in Structural Characterization of Polysaccharids

作　　者：李蓝艳 于剑平 张子依 张欢 李超[1,2] 汲晨锋 LI Lanyan;YU Jianping;ZHANG Ziyi;ZHANG Huan;LI Chao;JI Chenfeng(Engineering Research Center for Medicine,Harbin University of Commerce,Harbin 150076,China;Engineering Research Center of Natural Anticancer Drugs,Ministry of Education,Harbin University of Commerce,Harbin 150076,China;School of Life Science and Technology,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨商业大学药物工程技术研究中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150076 [2]哈尔滨商业大学抗肿瘤天然药物教育部工程研究中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150076 [3]哈尔滨工业大学生命科学与技术学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《食品科学》2024年第14期352-365,共14页Food Science

基　　金：黑龙江省重点研发计划指导类项目(GZ20210088);哈尔滨市科技创新人才项目(2022CXRCCG013);黑龙江省双一流学科协同创新成果项目(LJGXCG2023-039);哈尔滨商业大学产业化项目(22CZ13)。

摘　　要：多糖是一类分子结构复杂且庞大的天然大分子聚合物,其结构与生物活性紧密相关,但传统分析方法对多糖精细结构的表征信息有限。质谱技术是一种通过测量离子质荷比确定质量进而推算分子结构的分析方法,作为多糖结构分析的有力工具可以提供包括分子质量、聚合度、单糖组成、糖苷键类型、糖基排列顺序、取代基团位点等比较丰富的信息,对多糖结构的表征具有独特优势。本文归纳了多糖的质谱裂解一般性规律,介绍了多种不同类型质谱的检测原理、特点及其联用技术在多糖结构解析中的代表性应用,包括电子轰击源、快原子轰击源、电喷雾电离源、基质辅助激光解吸离子源、实时直接分析源、离子淌度、串联等质谱技术,并进一步对新型质谱技术解析多糖结构的未来应用进行了展望。本文旨在通过总结质谱技术的应用,为多糖类化合物的质量标准、结构表征、药效学、药动学、构效关系等基础性研究工作以及多糖类食品、保健食品、临床药物的开发创制提供科学参考。Polysaccharides are a class of natural macromolecular polymers with complex and 1arge molecular structures,which are closely related to their biological activities.However,traditional analytical methods can only provide limited information on the structures of polysaccharides.Mass spectrometry(MS)is a analytical method that measures the mass-to-charge ratio of molecules allowing for determination of the mass and calculation of the the molecular structure.As a powerful tool for polysaccharide structure analysis,MS can provide rich information,including molecular mass,polymerization degree,monosaccharide composition,glycosidic bond type,the order of arangement of glycosyl groups,and substituent group sites,which has unique advantages in the characterization of polysaccharide structure.This paper summarizes the general pattern of mass spectral fragmentation of polysaccharides,introduces the principles and characteristics of different types of MS as well as representative applications of MS combined with electron ionization source,fast atom bombardment source,electrospray ionization source,matrix assisted laser desorption ion source,real-time direct analysis source,ion mobility or tandem mass spectrometry for the structural elucidation of polysaccharides.Furthermore,future prospects for the application of new MS techmiques for analyzing the structures of polysaccharides are discussed.The aim of this paper is to summarize the application of MS to provide scientific reference for the basic research work of polysaccharide compounds,such as quality standard,structural characterization,pharmacodynamics,pharmacokinetic,constitutive relationship,and the development and creation of polysaccharide food,health food,and clinical dnugs.

关 键 词：多糖 质谱 结构 解析 应用 

分 类 号：O629.12[理学—有机化学] O657.63[理学—化学]