泰和乌鸡蛋营养价值和小分子代谢物成分的综合分析  

Comprehensive Analysis of the Nutritional Value and Small Molecule Metabolite Composition of Taihe Silky Chicken Eggs

作　　者：巨晓军 章明[1] 姬改革[1] 单艳菊[1] 屠云洁[1] 刘一帆[1] 邹剑敏[1] 赵伟东 郑国庆 束婧婷[1] JU Xiaojun;ZHANG Ming;JI Gaige;SHAN Yanju;TU Yunjie;LIU Yifan;ZOU Jianmin;ZHAO Weidong;ZHENG Guoqing;SHU Jingting(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Poultry Genetic Breeding,Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences,Yangzhou 225125,China;Taihe Fengsheng Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science and Technology Co.Ltd.,Ji’an 343700,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省家禽科学研究所,江苏省家禽遗传育种重点实验室,江苏扬州225125 [2]泰和凤升农牧科技有限公司,江西吉安343700

出　　处：《食品科学》2024年第15期139-147,共9页Food Science

基　　金：江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK202300729);江苏省种业振兴揭榜挂帅项目(JBGS[2021]107);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-41);江苏省农业重大新品种创制项目(PZCZ201728);江苏现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(JATS[2021]396);农业生物育种重大项目(2023ZD04064)。

摘　　要：为了探究泰和乌鸡蛋的营养价值和小分子代谢物成分,通过与同批生产的麻黄鸡蛋进行比较,首先对泰和乌鸡蛋的外观、蛋品质和水解氨基酸含量进行分析,然后运用全局精准非靶向代谢组学方法对泰和乌鸡蛋蛋白和蛋黄的代谢物分别进行综合表征,筛选泰和乌鸡蛋的标志性代谢物。结果显示,泰和乌鸡蛋外型小于麻黄鸡蛋,小头尖,大部分蛋壳表面有黑斑沉积。泰和乌鸡蛋质量、蛋黄色泽、蛋黄质量、蛋黄比率显著低于麻黄鸡蛋(P<0.05),蛋形指数、哈氏单位显著高于麻黄鸡蛋(P<0.05)。泰和鸡蛋中含有17种水解氨基酸,与麻黄鸡蛋中水解氨基酸含量差异较小,仅组氨酸含量显著高于麻黄鸡蛋(P<0.05)。代谢组学比较研究发现,泰和乌鸡蛋蛋白中共有51个差异代谢物(P<0.05,变量投影重要性>1),其中有32个代谢物相对含量高于麻黄鸡蛋,19个代谢物相对含量低于麻黄鸡蛋,这些差异物质主要富集在氨基酸代谢途径,其中丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢途径的富集程度最显著且影响因子最大;蛋白中含量差异较大、影响较大的代谢物有硬脂酰胺、花生四烯酸、L-赖氨酸、L-天冬氨酸等,它们可作为鉴别泰和乌鸡蛋潜在的标志性代谢物。泰和乌鸡蛋黄中差异代谢物相对较少,仅有33个且在代谢物分类中比较分散,蛋黄中含量差异较大、影响较大的代谢物有3-氨基-4-甲基戊酸、亚氨基精氨酸、D-葡萄糖,可作为鉴别泰和乌鸡蛋潜在的标志性代谢物。本研究结果可为泰和乌鸡蛋的推广和食品开发提供基础数据支持。In order to investigate the nutritional value and small molecule metabolite composition of Taihe silky chicken eggs,this study comparatively analyzed the appearance,egg quality and hydrolyzed amino acid content of Taihe silky chicken eggs and Mahuang chicken from the same production batch.A global non-targeted metabolomics approach was applied to comprehensively characterize the metabolites in Taihe silky chicken egg white and yolk and to select the marker metabolites of Taihe silky chicken eggs.The results showed that Taihe silky chicken eggs were smaller in size than Mahuang chicken eggs,with the small end being more pointed,and black spots were deposited on most of the surface of Taihe silky chicken eggshells.The total mass,yolk color,yolk mass,and yolk ratio of Taihe silky chicken eggs were significantly lower(P < 0.05),whereas the egg shape index and Haugh unit were significantly higher than those of Mahuang chicken eggs(P < 0.05).Taihe silky chicken eggs contained 17 hydrolyzed amino acids,and the difference in hydrolyzed amino acid content compared with that of Mahuang chicken eggs was small,with only histidine content being significantly higher in Taihe silky chicken eggs(P < 0.05).Metabolomics identified 51 differential metabolites(P < 0.05,variable importance in the projection(VIP) > 1) in Taihe silky versus Mahuang chicken egg white.The relative contents of 32 differential metabolites were higher,while those of the remaining 19 were lower in Taihe silky than Mahuang chicken egg white.The differential metabolites were mainly enriched in amino acid metabolism,having the most significant enrichment in the metabolic pathways of alanine,aspartic acid,and glutamate with the greatest influential factors.Qctadecanamide,arachidic acid,L-lysine,and L-aspartic acid,whose contents in egg white significantly differed between Taihe silky and Mahuang chicken,could be used as potential marker metabolites to discriminate between eggs from the two species.In total 33 differential metabolites were identified between Taih

关 键 词：泰和乌鸡蛋 蛋品质 水解氨基酸 全局精准非靶向代谢组学 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]