教育的“反浪漫”现象与浪漫传统重塑  

The Phenomenon of"Anti-romanticization"in Education and the Reconstruction of Romantic Traditions

作　　者：王乐[1] Wang Le(Faculty of Education,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi'an 710062)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学教育学部,西安710062

出　　处：《教育研究》2024年第7期70-81,共12页Educational Research

摘　　要：教育是由生命、自然、个性和创造构成的浪漫活动。教育因浪漫而多彩,浪漫因教育而深邃。浪漫有助于疏导教育环境的复杂性,促进人的整全成长。尽管浪漫与反浪漫相伴而生,但受新自由主义、优绩主义、实证主义等思潮影响,教育表现出反浪漫趋势,呈现“生命浪漫”以确定性为逻辑,“自然浪漫”以高效性为标准,“个性浪漫”以模式化为样态“,创造浪漫”以工具性为指向等特点。当社会对反浪漫潮流趋之若鹜,教育将失去生命、自然、个性和创造的浪漫底色,使教育面临弱化生命生成性、忽视自然规律性、加剧个性同质化、诱发创造世俗化等风险。重塑教育浪漫的关键在于正视教育的浪漫属性,回归生命、自然、个性和创造的浪漫传统,并赋予时代的意涵。为此,教育需用“适度掌控”重塑“生命浪漫”,用“慢教育”重塑“自然浪漫”,用“定制化”重塑“个性浪漫”,用“美与艺术”重塑“创造浪漫”。教育浪漫传统的重塑并非摒弃理性,而是构建浪漫与理性的辩证统一关系,用生活浪漫与职业理性指导行动、用诗意浪漫与科学理性构建理论、用设计浪漫与治理理性完善机制。As a romantic activity composed of life,nature,personality,and creation,education is colorful because of romance,and romance is profound because of education.Romance helps to reduce the complexity of the educational environment and promote the holistic growth of the person.Romance and anti-romanticization emerge hand in hand,but under the influence of neoliberalism,meritocracy,positivism and other thoughts,education shows a trend of"antiromanticization,"and features"life romance"based on the logic of certainty,"natural romance"based on a highefficiency standard,"personality-based romance"based on a certain model,and the"creation of romance"based on a tool orientation.When society pursues the trend of"anti-romanticization,"education will lose the romantic background of life,nature,personality and creation,resulting in educational risks,such as the weakened generation of life,the negligence of the law of nature,the strengthened similar personality,and secularized creation.The key to reshaping educational romance is to face up to the romantic nature of education,return to the romantic traditions of life,nature,personality and creation,and endow them with the connotations of the times.Therefore,we need to reshape"life romance"by means of"proper control,"the"natural romance"by means of"slow education,"the"personality-based romance"by means of"customization,"and the"creation of romance"by means of"beauty and art."However,reshaping the romantic traditions of education does not mean abandoning rationality.Instead,it constructs the dialectical unity of romance with rationality,guides actions through"life romance"and professional rationality,constructs theories through poetic romance and scientific rationality,and improves the mechanisms through planned romance and governance-based rationality.

关 键 词：教育思想 浪漫主义 理性主义 反浪漫 

分 类 号：G40[文化科学—教育学原理]