红薯渣的发酵工艺及饲料化利用的价值研究  

Study on fermentation technology and feed utilization value of sweet potato residue

作　　者：李轲[1] 芦荣华[1] 傅航[1] 杨雯雯[1] 郭志芳[1] LI Ke;LU Ronghua;FU Hang;YANG Wenwen;GUO Zhifang(Luohe Vocational Technology College,Luohe,Henan Province 462002,China)

机构地区：[1]漯河职业技术学院,河南漯河462002

出　　处：《中国饲料》2024年第14期10-13,共4页China Feed

基　　金：河南省高等学校重点科研项目计划(24B550009);横向合作项目(20221118002);漯河职业技术学院科技研发校级项目(2022-KJYF-03)。

摘　　要：文章旨在优化益生菌固态发酵红薯渣提升蛋白含量的发酵工艺,并探究发酵红薯渣作为动物饲料的价值。试验以红薯渣为原料,发酵产物中粗蛋白提升率为评价指标,对6株单一菌株的发酵效果进行评价,确定最佳复合菌组合,随后进行最佳比例、接种量、发酵时间和发酵温度的试验,确定最优化的发酵条件,最后在肉鸡日粮中添加不同比例的发酵红薯渣进行生长性能试验。试验结果表明,米曲霉、巨大芽孢杆菌和产朊假丝酵母3种单一菌株最有利于粗蛋白含量的提升,米曲霉巨大芽孢杆菌产朊假丝酵母以321比例混合发酵后粗蛋白的提升率最高,以此复合菌比例进行后续发酵试验发现在31℃条件下接种7%(V/m)发酵4 d后粗蛋白含量最高,比对照组显著提高了1.8倍;以此发酵红薯渣等量替代玉米对肉鸡进行饲喂,添加1%、5%和10%发酵红薯渣处理的肉鸡的日均增重比对照组分别提高了8%、15%和17%,提高了饲料转化率,肉鸡料重比较对照组降低了9%~13%,最佳的添加比例为5%~10%。综上所述,复合微生物固态发酵可以高效提高红薯渣中粗蛋白含量,发酵红薯渣可以作为菌体蛋白饲料提升肉鸡的生长性能。The purpose of this study is to optimize the fermentation process of solid-state fermentation of sweet potato residue with microorganism to increase protein content,and to explore the value of fermented sweet potato residue as animal feed.The fermentation effect of 6 single microorganism was evaluated,and the best combination of microorganisms was determined.The results showed that Aspergillus oryzae,Bacillus megaterium and Candida utilis were the most favorable for the increase of crude protein content.It had the highest crude protein yield after mixed fermentation at 321,Subsequent fermentation experiments were conducted using this composite bacterial ratio,and it was found that after inoculating 7%(V/m)at 31℃for 4 days of fermentation,the crude protein content was the highest,which was significantly increased by 1.8 times compared to the control group.The broilers were fed with the fermented sweet potato residue by 1%,5%and 10%,and the average daily gain of broilers treated with fermented sweet potato residue was 8%,15%and 17%higher than that of the control,respectively,and the best addition ratio was 5%-10%.In summary,solid-state fermentation of compound microorganisms can effectively increase the content of crude protein in sweet potato residue,and fermented sweet potato residue can be used as bacterial protein feed to improve the growth performance of broilers.

关 键 词：益生菌 红薯渣 发酵 肉鸡 

分 类 号：S816.6[农业科学—饲料科学]