论儒家人性学说的卵茧之喻  

On the Egg-cocoon Metaphor of Confucian Human Nature Theory

作　　者：牛磊[1] NIU Lei(China Wushu School,Beijing Sport University,Beijing 10084,China)

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学中国武术学院,北京100084

出　　处：《燕山大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第4期29-36,共8页Journal of Yanshan University:Philosophy and Social Science

摘　　要：为了对人性问题做出描述、论证,儒家学者发明了大批“妙喻取譬”“辞喻横生”的譬喻。其中,以卵、茧对人性做出比喻,在先秦两汉时期得到学者的广泛使用。学者用其阐明恶之来源、论证政教秩序的合理性、标著归复善性的路径,使得卵茧之喻成为与儒家人性论关系密切、体系完备的譬喻。持此说者既有儒家经生,也有道家哲人。两汉之后,这一譬喻消沉千余年,在明清时期重新得到儒家士绅、学者的热烈讨论。卵茧之喻的隐显起伏,蕴藏着学者对人性论关注重点的转移轨则。In order to describe and demonstrate the problems of human nature,Confucian scholars invented a large number of metaphors.Among them,the metaphor of human nature with egg and cocoon was widely used by scholars in the pre-Qin and Han dynasties.Scholars used it to explain the source of evil,to demonstrate the rationality of the political and religious order,and to mark the path to return to the good nature,which makes the metaphor of the egg-cocoon a complete metaphor closely related to the Confucian theory of human nature.It was held by both Confucian classics and Taoist philosophers.After the Han Dynasty,this metaphor was depressed for more than a thousand years,and in the Ming and Qing Dynasties,it was enthusiastically discussed by Confucian scholars once again.The subtle ups and downs of the metaphor of egg-cocoon imply a shift in the focus of scholars’attention to the theory of human nature.

关 键 词：儒家 卵茧之喻 人性论 董仲舒 

分 类 号：B21[哲学宗教—中国哲学]