基于扰动观测器的五相永磁同步电机开路和短路容错矢量控制  

Disturbance-Observer-Based Field-Oriented Control of Five-Phase PMSM under Open-Circuit and Short-Circuit Faults

作　　者：周华伟[1] 陈铖 向小龙 张多[1] 陈前[1] Zhou Huawei;Chen Cheng;Xiang Xiaolong;Zhang Duo;Chen Qian(School of Electrical and Information Engineering Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013 China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学电气信息工程学院,镇江212013

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2024年第15期4782-4793,共12页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52277052)。

摘　　要：针对反电动势含有3次谐波的五相永磁同步电机(PMSM)开路和短路故障导致转矩脉动大的问题,该文提出一种基于扰动观测器的矢量控制(DOB-FOC)策略。该策略基于降阶正交变换矩阵在同步旋转坐标系上建立PMSM开路故障情况下的基波模型,将3次谐波反电动势、短路电流等作为扰动信号。在此基础上,设计扰动观测器,观测出以上扰动导致的转矩脉动,将其转化为q轴补偿电流前馈到q轴电流指令中,有效地抑制了故障导致的转矩脉动,并且实现了PMSM在开路和短路故障情况下的平稳无扰运行。仿真和实验结果验证了所提容错策略的有效性。The unbalanced phase currents of a multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)generate large torque fluctuations when an open-circuit or short-circuit fault occurs,which causes the whole system to oscillate or even not continue operating.A novel field-oriented control strategy based on disturbance-observer(DOB-FOC)is proposed to restrain torque fluctuations in the five-phase PMSM with third harmonic back electromotive forces(EMF)under open-circuit and short-circuit fault conditions.Firstly,a fundamental PMSM model with open-circuit fault is built in the synchronous rotating frame using an orthogonal reduced-order transformation matrix.The third harmonic back EMF and short-circuit current are recognized as disturbances.Secondly,a disturbance observer is designed.Then,a feedforward compensatory current obtained from the estimated disturbances is added to the q-axis current reference.Finally,the torque fluctuations caused by the fault can be restrained effectively,and the PMSM with the proposed strategy can operate well under open-circuit and short-circuit faults.Simulation shows that when the third harmonic back EMF is 0 or 20%of the fundamental amplitude,DOB-FOC can effectively suppress the fluctuating torque caused by open-circuit and short-circuit faults.Therefore,whether the back EMF contains the third harmonics,the faulty motor with DOB-FOC has a similar steady-state performance in healthy conditions.Experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed strategy.When the open-circuit or short-circuit fault occurs,the proposed DOB-FOC strategy is activated at once,and the fluctuating torque is restrained to 0.14 N·m and 0.19 N·m,respectively.When the load steps between 3 N·m and 5 N·m,the d-axis current almost remains unchanged,the q-axis current is like that under healthy conditions,and the response time is 170 ms.During the reference speed step changes,the DOB-FOC strategy significantly reduces the fault impact on the speed performance.Its dynamic performance is simila

关 键 词：永磁同步电机(PMSM) 矢量控制(FOC) 开路故障 短路故障 扰动观测器 

分 类 号：TM351[电气工程—电机]