土臭素对淡水鱼品质的影响及控制策略研究进展  

Research progress of analysis and control strategy of geosmin affecting the quality of freshwater fish

作　　者：赵勇[1,2,3] 王天艺 李慷[4] 潘迎捷[1,2,3] 刘海泉[1,2,3] ZHAO Yong;WANG Tianyi;LI Kang;PAN Yingjie;LIU Haiquan(College of Food Sciences and Technology,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing&Preservation,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Laboratory of Quality&Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Product on Storage and Preservation(Shanghai),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National Demonstration Center for Experimental Teaching of Aquatic Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学食品学院,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学,上海水产品加工及贮藏工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [3]上海海洋大学,农业农村部水产品贮藏保鲜质量安全风险评估实验室(上海),上海201306 [4]上海海洋大学,水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,上海201306

出　　处：《水产学报》2024年第7期24-34,共11页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：上海市科技兴农技术创新项目[沪农科创字(2021)第3-1号]。

摘　　要：水产品味道鲜美,营养丰富,是人类摄取食物蛋白的重要来源。但以土腥味为代表的特殊异味在淡水养殖的鱼类中经常出现,不但影响水产品的风味,更降低了消费者的消费意愿,制约着水产品养殖行业的稳定发展。而科学控制和预防水产品中的土腥味是保障水产品质量的重要手段,对满足产业需求具有重要意义,仍需深入研究。本文综述了水产品中以土腥味为典型代表的特殊异味,探讨了以土臭素为代表的异味物质在水产品中造成土腥味的机理,并结合目前控制土腥味的常用方法,对未来水产品异味防控发展趋势进行展望,以期消除水产品中的异味物质,尤其是淡水养殖的水产品中存在的土腥味。Aquatic products are delicious and nutritious,and are an important source of food protein for human intake.However,the distinct odor represented by the fishy smell in freshwater aquaculture often occurs,which not only affects the flavor of aquatic products,but also reduces the consumer's willingness to consume them and restricts the stable development of the aquaculture industry.The scientific control and prevention of earthy odor in aquatic products is an important means to ensure the quality of aquatic products,which is important for meeting the needs of the industry and still needs to be studied in depth.This paper reviews the special odor in aquatic products with earthy odor as a typical representative,and discusses the mechanism of odor substances in aquatic products causing odors like the earth odor.It is now generally accepted that water quality conditions in the aquaculture environment indirectly affect the formation of odor substances,and various water quality indicators have a significant impact on the fishy odor of aquatic products.Most removal methods affect meat quality,destroy the protein of aquatic products,and cause changes in flavor and color.By improving the culture environment and reducing 2-Methylisoborneol(MIB)and geosmin(GSM)in aquatic products,the production of earth odor can be reduced at the source,which is one of the main methods to control earth odor in aquatic products,but this method is often costly.Therefore,in order to improve the economic efficiency of aquatic products,to solve the problem of fishy smell in freshwater farmed aquatic products,it is necessary to address the characteristics of various aspects of aquatic products breeding,distribution and processing,and make comprehensive use of various deodorization methods to achieve the deodorization effect.

关 键 词：淡水鱼 土腥味 土臭素 控制措施 

分 类 号：S985[农业科学—捕捞与储运] TS254.1[农业科学—水产科学]