基于雷达目标特征可分性的一维特征选择方法  

One-Dimensional Feature Selection Method Based on Radar Target Feature Divisibility

作　　者：田凯祥 于恒力 王中训[1] 刘宁波 韩孟孟[3] TIAN Kaixiang;YU Hengli;WANG Zhongxun;LIU Ningbo;HAN Mengmeng(School of Physics and Electronic Information,Yantai Shandong 264005,China;Naval Aviation University,Yantai Shandong 264001,China;The Beijing Electro-Mechanical Engineering Institute,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]烟台大学物理与电子信息学院,山东烟台264005 [2]海军航空大学,山东烟台264001 [3]北京机电工程研究所,北京100083

出　　处：《海军航空大学学报》2024年第4期453-460,500,共9页Journal of Naval Aviation University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(62101583、61871392);泰山学者工程(tsqn202211246)。

摘　　要：海杂波背景下的海上小目标是海洋雷达探测的重难点。针对特征空间内海杂波与小目标特征可分性问题,提出了量化特征之间可分性的度量标准——重叠系数。通过开展对海探测试验获取的2~5级海况实测数据,分别提取时域特征相对平均幅度(Relative Average Amplitude,RAA)、相对峰值峰高(Relative Peak Height,RPH)、时域熵值均值(Time domain Entropy Mean,TEM),频域特征相对多普勒峰高(Relative Doppler Peak Height,RDPH)、相对多普勒向量熵(Relative Vector Entropy,RVE)、频域熵值二阶矩(Second moment of Frequency domain Entropy,SOFE),计算出重叠系数。通过特征检测器进行检测性能对比,低海况下,相对平均幅度、相对峰值峰高、时域熵值均值、相对多普勒峰高、频域熵值二阶矩特征之间重叠系数均在0.3以下,对应特征检测器的检测概率均在85%以上;高海况下其特征之间重叠系数均在0.7以上,对应特征检测器的检测概率均在50%以下。相对多普勒向量熵在4种海况下可分性较小,其对应的特征检测器性能较差。结果验证了重叠系数在一维特征选择的应用可行性,为多特征融合目标检测提供了一定支持。Small targets on the sea under the background of sea clutter are the key and difficult points of ocean radar detection.It is proposed that a measurement standard for quantifying the separability between features-overlap coefficient to response to the issue of separability between sea clutter and small target features in the feature space.By conducting sea detection experiments on measured sea conditions at levels 2~5,the relative average amplitude,relative peak height,and mean time domain entropy of time-domain features are extracted,as well as the relative Doppler peak height,relative Doppler vector entropy,and second-order moment of frequency-domain entropy of frequency-domain features,the overlap coefficient is calculated.By comparing the detection performance through feature detectors,under low sea conditions,the overlap coefficients between the relative average amplitude,relative peak height,time-domain entropy mean,relative Doppler peak height,and frequency-domain entropy second-order moment features are all below 0.3,and the detection probability of the corresponding feature detectors is above 85%;under high sea conditions,the overlap coefficients between its features are all above 0.7,and the detection probability of the corresponding feature detectors is below 50%.Relative vector entropy has low separability under four sea conditions,and its corresponding feature detectors have poor performance.The conclusion verifies the feasibility of applying overlap coefficients in one-dimensional feature selection,providing some support for multi-feature fusion target detection.

关 键 词：海上小目标 海杂波 特征提取 雷达试验 目标检测 

分 类 号：TN951[电子电信—信号与信息处理] TN957.51[电子电信—信息与通信工程]