历史演化论的本土资源——论清代儒学的历史哲学维度  

Indigenous Resources of Historical Evolution Theory:Research on the Historical-Philosophical Dimension of Confucianism in the Qing Dynasty

作　　者：谢天 Xie Tian

机构地区：[1]中共中央党校(国家行政学院)科学社会主义教研部

出　　处：《中国社会科学院大学学报》2024年第5期43-63,157,158,共23页Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

基　　金：中共中央党校(国家行政学院)2023年度校级课题“社会主义在近代中国的传播与中国文化传统关系研究”(2023QN048)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：明清儒学的思想演进为强调历史演化的历史哲学提供了发展空间。清代儒学着力于批判理学中超验存在的“理”,强调“道”蕴于具体事物之中。具体事物并非超时间的存在,而是处于不断的变化之中。基于具体事物的“道”因此也具有变化的可能性,从而为“道义在历史中”的历史演化论提供了理据。章学诚以“道不离器”的气一元论为其历史思想的哲学基础,提出了“道”存在于历史之中的历史演化理论。强调实践的清代今文学派的历史进步学说比章学诚的“六经皆史”说更进一步,发展出历史进步论,为中国近代社会思潮奠定了根基。The ideological evolution of Confucianism in the Ming and Qing Dynasties provided developing space for emphasizing the historical philosophy of historical evolution.The Qing Dynasty Confucianism focused on criticizing the transcendental existence of“Reason”in Neo-Confucianism and emphasized the“Tao”embodied in concrete existence.Concrete existence does not exist outside of time but is constantly changing.Therefore,the“Tao”of concrete things also has the possibility of change,which provides the theoretical basis for the historical evolution of“morality in history.”Zhang Xuecheng took the Qi Monism as the philosophical basis of his historical thought and put forward the historical evolution theory of the existence of“Tao”in history.The theory of historical progress of the School of Practical Learning Confucianism in the Qing Dynasty,which emphasizes practice,is further developed than Zhang Xuecheng,s theory of“All the Six Classics are History,”laying the foundation for the intellectual trends of modern Chinese society.

关 键 词：历史演化论 清代儒学 章学诚 龚自珍 

分 类 号：B249[哲学宗教—中国哲学]