貂蝉之名渊源考——兼谈中华文化符号的建构  

A Study on the Origins of the Name of Diao Chan:A Discussion on the Construction of Chinese Cultural Symbols

作　　者：李文学[1] 裴丽丽 Li Wenxue;Pei Lili

机构地区：[1]西南大学历史文化学院

出　　处：《中国社会科学院大学学报》2024年第5期99-116,159,F0003,共20页Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“战国至隋唐少数民族官印的整理与研究”(19BMZ027);国家“十四五”发展规划重大学术文化工程《(新编)中国通史》纂修工程《中华民族史卷》的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：《三国演义》中的美女貂蝉之名源自战国时期赵国发明的貂蝉冠。新石器时代中晚期以后,中原地区的蝉文化和东北地区及蒙古高原地区的貂文化在黄河流域经历了长期融合,貂蝉冠正是这种融合的产物。秦汉时期,统治者将貂蝉冠配授给宫廷侍官。魏晋南北朝时期,女尚书佩戴貂蝉冠使后者开始与女性结合,后赵的改革使貂蝉冠进一步与美女结合。唐宋时期,貂蝉冠的配授对象由皇帝侍官群体转为外朝高官群体,适用范围明显扩大。迄于元代,貂蝉冠的适用范围虽大大缩小,但在客观上促进了貂蝉之名的民间化和大众化。这些历史渊源为美女貂蝉的得名及其故事的产生和传播提供了条件。貂蝉的“成名”是融合创造、继承创新的结果,其过程生动体现了中华文化的连续性、创新性、包容性和多元统一性。The name of Diao Chan in theRomance of The Three Kingdomsderives from the Diao Chan crown invented by the State of Zhao in the Warring States Period.Since the middle and late Neolithic Age,the cicada culture in the Central Plains and the mink culture in the northeast and the Mongolian Plateau had experienced a long-term integration in the Yellow River basin,and Diao Chan crown is its crystallization.In the Qin and Han Dynasties,Diao Chan crown was always assigned to palace attendants.In the Wei and Jin Dynasties,the Diao Chan crown worn by the female Shangshu began to combine with women,and the reform of Later Zhao in the Sixteen States further combined Diao Chan crown with beautiful women.In the Tang and Song Dynasties,the allocation of Diao Chan crowns changed from the group of emperor,s attendants to the group of foreign officials,and the range of Diao Chan crowns was obviously expanded.By the Yuan Dynasty,although the scope of application of Diao Chan crown had greatly narrowed,it made them more familiar to civil society.These historical origins provided the conditions for the formation of the beauty Diao Chan,s name and even the generation and dissemination of her story.Diao Chan,s“fame”is the result of fusion creation,inheritance and innovation,and its process vividly reflects the continuity,innovation,inclusiveness and pluralistic unity of Chinese culture.

关 键 词：貂蝉 貂蝉冠 中华文化 文化符号 

分 类 号：K20[历史地理—历史学]