油茶果采后不同处理种仁代谢组学分析  

Metabolomics analysis of kernels of Camellia oleifera fruit treated with different methods after harvest

作　　者：龙雪燕 闫道良[1] 郭春喜[2] 李万春 胡玉玲 郑炳松[1] LONG Xueyan;YAN Daoiang;GUO Chunxi;LI Wanchun;HU Yuling;ZHENG Bingsong(Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Function,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,China;Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Protection and Utilization in Fanjingshan Area of Guizhou Province,Tongren University,Tongren 554300,Guizhou,China;College of Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology,Hunan Applied Technology University,Changde 415000,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学浙江省森林芳香植物康养功能研究重点实验室,杭州311300 [2]铜仁学院贵州省梵净山地区生物多样性保护与利用重点实验室,贵州铜仁554300 [3]湖南应用技术学院农林科技学院,湖南常德415000

出　　处：《中国油脂》2024年第8期56-63,共8页China Oils and Fats

基　　金：湖南省教育厅重点项目(22A0714);湖南省“十四五”应用特色学科(林学)(湘教通〔2022〕351);湖南应用技术学院高层次人才启动项目(2023HYBS01);常德市经济林生态过程调控与高值化利用工程技术研究中心;贵州省科技厅平台项目(黔科合平台人才〔2020〕2003)。

摘　　要：旨在寻找油茶果最佳采后处理方式,为其后续研究奠定基础,采用液相色谱-质谱联用法(LC-MS/MS)对油茶果采后不同处理〔不处理(F8)、堆沤处理(FC)、去壳摊晒(NS)、带壳摊晒(WS)〕10、30d种仁代谢物进行测定,并用相关软件对代谢产物进行分析。结果表明:鉴定出1107种特征代谢物,其中正离子模式和负离子模式下鉴定的代谢物数量分别为763种和344种,代谢物主要为脂类和类脂分子(277种),苯丙烷类和聚酮类(193种),有机酸及其衍生物(172种),类苯(97种),有机杂环化合物(94种),有机氧化合物(84种),核苷、核苷酸和类似物(33种);通过比较差异代谢物不饱和脂肪酸发现,去壳摊晒处理30d(NS2)vs10d(NS1)比较组中检测到亚油酸、顺式-9-十六碳烯酸、8(9)-环氧-5Z,11Z,14Z-二十碳三烯酸、亚麻酸、蓖麻油酸、9,10-环氧十八碳烯酸共6种不饱和脂肪酸,且都表达上调;对差异代谢物进行富集分析发现,主要参与的代谢途径有苯丙氨酸代谢、类黄酮生物合成、甘油磷脂代谢、甘油酯代谢、玉米素生物合成、植物次生代谢产物的生物合成、谷胱甘肽代谢、氨基酸的生物合成、次生代谢产物的生物合成。综上,油茶果采后最佳处理方式为去壳摊晒30d。In order to find the optimal postharvest treatment of Camellia oleifera fruit,and lay the foundation for subsequent research,liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)was used to determine the metabolites of the kernels of different postharvest treatments of Camellia oleifera fruit〔without treatment(F8),composting treatment(FC),sun dried without shell(NS),and sun dried with shell(WS)〕for 10 d and 30 d,and relevant software was used to analyze the metabolites.The results showed that a total of 1107 characteristic metabolites were identified,with 763 and 344 metabolites identified in the positive and negative ion modes,respectively.The main metabolites were lipids and lipid-like molecules(277 kinds),phenylpropanoids and polykettides(193 kinds),organic acids and derivatives(172 kinds),benzenoids(97 kinds),organoheterocyclic compounds(94 kinds),organic oxygen compounds(84 kinds),nucleosides,nucleotides and analogues(33 kinds).By comparison of the unsaturated fatty acid of differential metabolites,six unsaturated fatty acids,namely linoleic acid,cis-9-hexadecenoic acid,8(9)-epoxy-5Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatrienoic acid,linolenic acid,ricinolic acid,9,10-epoxy-octadecenoic acid,were detected in 30 d(NS2)and 10 d(NS1)of the sun dried without shell treatment,and their expressions were up-regulated.The enrichment analysis of differential metabolites results showed that the main metabolic pathways included phenylalanine metabolism,flavonoid biosynthesis,glycerol phospholipid metabolism,glycerol ester metabolism,zeatin biosynthesis,plant secondary metabolites biosynthesis,glutathione metabolism,amino acid biosynthesis,and secondary metabolites biosynthesis.Overall,the best postharvest treatment of Camellia oleifera fruit is sun dried without shell treatment for 30 d.

关 键 词：油茶果 种仁 采后处理 代谢组学 

分 类 号：TS222[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程] Q591.1[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]