酚醛树脂功能复合材料研究进展  

Research Progress of Functional Composites Based on Phenolic Resin

作　　者：郝力博 冉启蒙 刘毅 韦雪丽 周策 贾坤 HAO Libo;RAN Qimeng;LIU Yi;WEI Xueli;ZHOU Ce;JIA Kun(School of Materials and Energy,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu 611731,China;Meishan CRRC Brake Science&Technology Co.,Ltd.,Meishan 620010,China)

机构地区：[1]电子科技大学材料与能源学院,四川成都611731 [2]眉山中车制动科技股份有限公司,四川眉山620010

出　　处：《塑料工业》2024年第7期9-15,共7页China Plastics Industry

摘　　要：作为人类最早合成的高分子材料之一,酚醛树脂具有耐高温、高强度、抗烧蚀、易加工等优良特性,已被广泛应用于化工机械、轨道交通、建筑建材、电子信息、航空航天等国民经济的重要领域。尽管在20世纪末由于新型高性能高分子材料的不断涌现,酚醛树脂的发展曾受到一定影响,但随着纳米材料与加工技术的不断发展,酚醛树脂所具有的高反应活性、分子可设计性、热稳定性及高残炭等特点,使其可作为一类理想的有机前驱体,通过不同途径制备得到具有不同维度与微观形貌的碳材料,进而在新能源材料及高端电子材料等领域重新焕发生机。本文首先简要介绍了酚醛树脂的基本性质,然后分析了酚醛树脂的国内外行业现状。最后,围绕轨道交通、航空航天、电子信息及能源催化等4个重点领域对新型酚醛树脂的应用需求,梳理了近年来用于制备高性能功能复合材料的酚醛树脂研究进展,特别是对酚醛树脂改性方法、复合材料制备及应用性能进行了分析,为设计开发酚醛树脂基复合材料提供参考。As one of the earliest polymeric materials synthesized by human beings,phenolic resin has excellent characteristics such as high temperature resistance,high strength,ablation resistance and easy processing.Phenolic resin has been widely used in chemical machinery,rail transit,building materials,electronic information,aerospace and other important industrial fields.The developments of phenolic resin were partially affected because of the emerging of diverse high performance polymers in the end of twentith century.However,with the continuous developments of nanomaterials and processing technologies,the phenolic resin is receiving revitalizing attentions as one kind of ideal precursor to prepare various carbon materials with different dimensions and morphologies in the booming new energy and cutting-ending electronic materials,which is mainly attributed to the high reactivity,molecular tailorability,thermal stability,and high carbon yield of the phenolic resin.In this short review,the basic properties of phenolic resin were introduced,both the domestic and global industrial markets of phenolic resin were analyzed.Focusing on the application requirements of new phenolic resins in four key fields,such as rail transportation,aerospace,electronic information and energy catalysis,the research progresses of phenolic resins for the preparations of high-performance functional composites in recent years were reviewed.The modification methods of phenolic resins,the preparation and application properties of composite materials were also analyzed,providing references for the designs and developments of the composites based on phenolic resin.

关 键 词：酚醛树脂 改性 摩擦材料 耐烧蚀 电子封装 

分 类 号：TQ323.1[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]