古代汉语“何O之V”的构式研究  

A Study on the Construction of“He(何)O Zhi(之)V”in Ancient Chinese

作　　者：王用源[1] 赵子毅 Wang Yongyuan;Zhao Ziyi(School of Humanities and Arts,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学人文艺术学院,天津300072

出　　处：《现代语文》2024年第6期41-45,共5页Modern Chinese

摘　　要：运用构式理论与韵律语法相关理论,对“何O之V”构式的基本情况进行考察。在该构式中,“何”位于O之前,作定语修饰O;而“之”处于O与V之间,作为衬音无实际意义。“何O之V”作为一个四字格式,具有较强的稳定性,最终语法化为一个构式。“何O之V”的能产性在春秋战国时期达到顶点,之后逐渐降低;在现代汉语中,它主要在文言等特定历史语境中运用,其他语境中很少出现。同时,该构式具有两种语用功能:委婉表达与强调表达,可以帮助听话者理解说话人的态度与情感。The basic situation of the construction“He(何)O Zhi(之)V”is examined by applying the theory of construction and the theory of metrical grammar.In this structure,“He(何)”is located before object,as a definite article modifying object;“Zhi(之)”is located between object and verb,as a liner with no practical significance.“He(何)O Zhi(之)V”as a four-word form has a strong stability,and finally grammaticalized into one construction.The productivity of“He(何)O Zhi(之)V”reached its peak during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods,and then gradually decreased.In modern Chinese,it is mainly utilized in specific historical contexts,such as the literary language,and rarely occurs in other contexts.At the same time,this construction has two pragmatic functions:euphemism and emphasis,which can help the listener understand the speaker’s attitude and emotion.

关 键 词：“何O之V” 构式 语法化 语用功能 

分 类 号：H141[语言文字—汉语]