基于明轮的全向移动式无人船舶设计  

Design of Omnidirectional USVs Based on Paddle Wheels

作　　者：甘章泽 刘志强[1] 黄子业 向青青[1] 蒋晨曦 GAN Zhangze;LIU Zhiqiang;HUANG Ziye;XIANG Qingqing;JIANG Chenxi(College of Engineering Education,Changsha University of Science&Technology,Changsha 410114,China;College of Electrical and Information Engineering,Changsha University of Science&Technology,Changsha 410114,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学工程教育学院,长沙410114 [2]长沙理工大学电气与信息工程学院,长沙410114

出　　处：《船舶》2024年第4期21-28,共8页Ship & Boat

基　　金：国家级大学生创新创业训练项目“基于明轮驱动的全方位移动无人船舶设计”(202310536065);湖南省大学生创新训练项目“基于NI-myRIO的多桨叶水下智能巡检机器人的设计与实现”(S202210536146)。

摘　　要：该文针对现有垃圾清理船舶回转半径较大(尤其在小型狭窄水域中机动性差)等问题,设计了一种基于4个明轮的全向移动式无人船舶平台。文中首先建立该船舶的运动学模型,并进行了动力学分析;然后结合直流电机编码器的实时运动数据,利用模糊自适应比例-积分-微分控制算法实现了对明轮的稳定控制。实验结果表明:该全向移动式无人船舶能在艏向角不变的情况下,实现横向、纵向和斜向等方向的运动,其轨迹跟踪精度高,误差在10 cm内,实际航行跟踪轨迹贴合期望轨迹。该船舶具有无回转半径、吃水浅等优势,适用于小型狭窄水域中工作的无人船舶平台。An omnidirectional unmanned ship platform is designed based on four paddle wheels to address the problems of large turning radius of existing garbage cleaning ships,especially poor maneuverability in small and narrow waters.A kinematic model has been firstly established for the dynamic analysis of the ship.The paddle wheel is stably controlled by using the fuzzy adaptive proportional-integral-derivative(PID)control algorithm,combing with the real-time motion data of the direct current(DC)motor encoder.The experimental results show that the omnidirectional USV can achieve transverse,longitudinal and oblique motion without changing heading angle.The trajectory tracking accuracy is high,with an error of within 10 cm,and the actual trajectory conforms to the expected one.This ship has advantages such as zero turning radius and shallow draft,which is suitable for garbage cleaning in small narrow waters.

关 键 词：全向移动 明轮船舶 无人船 动力学与运动学分析 轨迹跟踪 

分 类 号：U662.3[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]