高速动车组端墙异常振动噪声分析与控制  

Analysis and Control of the Abnormal Vibration Noise of the End Walls of High-speed EMU

作　　者：王兴民 贾尚帅 潘德阔 张文敏 赵新利 WANG Xingmin;JIA Shangshuai;PAN Dekuo;ZHANG Wenmin;ZHAO Xinli(CRRC Tangshan Locomotive&Rolling Stock Co.,Ltd.,Tangshan 063035,China)

机构地区：[1]中车唐山机车车辆有限公司,河北唐山063035

出　　处：《铁道车辆》2024年第4期134-139,180,共7页Rolling Stock

摘　　要：对高速动车组端墙异常振动噪声进行了测试和数据分析,掌握了故障信号特征。通过对风挡区域气动噪声的仿真和线路试验数据的分析,研究异常振动噪声的来源和传播途径,分析故障产生机理,并分别从降低声源的风挡结构优化和传递路径控制的粒子阻尼减振两方面提出了解决方案。线路试验结果表明,两种方案均对端墙异常振动噪声有较好的抑制作用,高速动车组在350 km/h运行时,风挡安装扰流板后,40 Hz频带噪声级降低5 d B(A),总噪声级降低3.5 d B(A);端墙安装粒子阻尼器后,40 Hz频带噪声级降低4.3 d B(A),总噪声级降低2.4 d B(A),铝合金端墙减振率达43.1%。Tests and data analysis are carried out on the abnormal vibration noise of the end walls of highspeed EMUs to master the characteristics of fault signals.Through simulation of the aerodynamic noise in the vestibule diaphragm area and analysis of the track test data,this article studies the source and route of transmission of the abnormal vibration noise,analyzes the generation mechanism of defaults,and proposes two solutions:the optimization of the vestibule diaphragm structure to reduce the sound source and the particle damping to control the route of transmission.The track test result shows that both the two solutions have a good inhibiting effect on the abnormal vibration noise of the end walls.When a high-speed EMU runs at 350 km/h,after installing the spoiler in the vestibule diaphragm,the 40 Hz band noise level is reduced by 5 d B(A) and the total noise level is reduced by 3.5 d B(A);after installing the particle damper in the end walls,the 40 Hz band noise level is reduced by 4.3 d B(A),the total noise level is reduced by 2.4 d B(A),and the vibration of the aluminum alloy end walls is reduced by 43.1%.

关 键 词：高速动车组 端墙 风挡 异常振动噪声 控制 

分 类 号：U271.91[机械工程—车辆工程]