方以智对王阳明“三间喻”的重构  

Fang Yizhi’s Reconstruction of Wang Yangming’s“Metaphor of Three Rooms”

作　　者：吴卿 WU Qing(School of Marxism,Chaohu University,Hefei,Anhui 238000)

机构地区：[1]巢湖学院马克思主义学院,安徽合肥238000

出　　处：《绍兴文理学院学报》2024年第7期36-43,共8页Journal of Shaoxing University

基　　金：巢湖学院学科建设质量提升工程项目(高端平台筑基类)“巢湖学院中华优秀传统文化和思想政治教育研所究”(kj22yjzx13)。

摘　　要：借由重构王阳明的“三间喻”,方以智扭转了王阳明以“圣学之全”由上而下贯彻释、道的模式。他通过主张“小道”即“大道”之全、“小道”即“大道”之用,从事用层面肯定了儒、释、道门户之别的合理性,由此消除了“小道”和“大道”之间的紧张对立,维护了阳明心学“体用一源”对主客分裂的消解作用。通过主张百家即大全的相通,以“尊孔”为前提的诸家互用,方以智试图在事用层面矫正儒家的支离和释、道的不足,重新诠释王阳明“三教道儒”的合理性,由此为明末“实学”和“虚学”的对立提供解决方法,展现了他的儒家情怀和作为阳明后学的学术担当。By reconstructing Wang Yangming’s“metaphor of Three Rooms”,Fang Yizhi reversed Wang Yangming’s model of implementing Buddhism and Taoism from top to bottom with“The Completeness of Confucianism”.By arguing that Xiaodao(The path of learning from bottom to top)is the completeness and application of Dadao(The path of learning from top to bottom),he confirmed the rationality of the distinction between Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism,thus eliminating the tense opposition between Xiaodao(Individual)and Daodao(Ontology),and maintaining the resolution effect of Tiyongyiyuan(Noumenon is Phenomenon)of Yangming mind theory on the separation of subject and object.By advocating the interconnection between Schools and Dao(Ontology),and taking Respecting Confucius as the premise,Fang Yizhi tried to correct the fragmentation of Confucianism and the deficiency of Buddhism and Taoism at the practical level,and reinterpreted the rationality of Wang Yangming’s Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism all respect Confucius,thus providing solutions for the opposition between Shixue(Metaphysics)and Xuxue(Physics)at the end of the Ming Dynasty,showing his Confucian feelings and responsibility as a later Yang Ming scholar.

关 键 词：方以智 王阳明 三间喻 尊孔 

分 类 号：B248.93[哲学宗教—中国哲学]