饲料中单独或联合添加乳酸菌对大口黑鲈生长及免疫性能的影响  

SINGLE OR CONJOINT ADMINISTRATION OF LACTIC ACID BACTERIA ON THE GROWTH AND IMMUNE RESPONSE OF MICROPTERUS SALMOIDES

作　　者：赵亚选 宋雨明 周建平 赵燕[1,2] 陈红菊[1,2] 季相山[1,2] ZHAO Ya-Xuan;SONG Yu-Ming;ZHOU Jian-Ping;ZHAO Yan;CHEN Hong-Ju;JI Xiang-Shan(Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non-grain Feed Resources(Co-construction by Ministry and Province)of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an 271018,China;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an 271018,China;Agro-Tech Extension and Service Center,Daiyue District,Tai’an 271000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学,农业农村部非粮饲料资源高效利用重点实验室(部省共建),泰安271018 [2]山东农业大学,山东省动物生物工程与疾病防治重点实验室,泰安271018 [3]泰安市岱岳区农业技术推广中心,泰安271000

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2024年第9期1494-1501,共8页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(2021CXGC010806和2021LZGC027);山东省现代农业产业技术体系(SDAIT-13)资助。

摘　　要：试验旨在分析在饲料中单独或联合添加2种乳酸菌对大口黑鲈生长速度和免疫性能的影响,试验共分为4组:C0组作为对照,使用基础饲料;T1、T2和T3组则分别在基础饲料中添加了1.0×10^(8) CFU/g的植物乳杆菌LP-37、1.0×10^(7) CFU/g的戊糖片球菌PP-23,以及两者按此浓度组合的混合益生菌。每个实验组均设置了3个重复,每个重复包含50尾大口黑鲈,养殖周期为6周。结果显示:T1、T2、T3组的大口黑鲈在终末体重、增重率和特定生长率方面均显著优于C0组(P<0.01),并且在饵料系数方面,T1至T3组均显著低于C0组(P<0.05)。其中,T3组,在促生长方面效果最为显著。在肠道组织形态方面,T1和T3组绒毛高度均极显著高于C0组(P<0.01),T3组绒毛宽度显著高于C0、T1和T2组(P<0.05),各试验组肌层厚度均极显著高于C0组(P<0.05)。各试验组均能提高大口黑鲈血清中碱性磷酸酶、酸性磷酸酶和总超氧化物歧化酶的活性,及肠道中胃蛋白酶、α-淀粉酶和脂肪酶的活性,并且与促生长结果类似,T3组提升的幅度最大。与C0组相比,T1—T3组大口黑鲈脾脏和头肾中IL-1β、IL-8、TNF-α、IFN-γ等基因表达量显著降低(P<0.05),IL-10、TGF-1β等基因表达量显著提高(P<0.05),其中,T3组效果最显著。综上所述,饲料中添加LP-37和PP-23能显著提高大口黑鲈的生长性能、血清和肠道中酶活性,增强抗炎因子的表达,降低促炎因子的表达,显著改善肠道形态,且联合添加组优于单一添加组。In this study,we aimed to evaluate the individual and combined effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP-37(GenBank No.OP824883)and Pectiococcus pentosus PP-23(GenBank No.OP824884)on the growth and immune response of largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides).There were four experimental groups:C0,T1,T2,and T3.Fish were fed with a basal diet(C0)supplemented with 1.0×10^(8) CFU/g of LP-37(T1),1.0×10^(7) CFU/g of PP-23(T2),and a combination of 1.0×108 CFU/g of LP-37+1.0×107 CFU/g of PP-23(T3)for 6 weeks.Each group had three replicates,50 fish per replicate.The results indicated that the final body weight,weight gain,and specific growth rate in T1—T3 were significantly higher than those of the C0 group(P<0.01),while the feed conversion ratio was significantly lower(P<0.05).Notably,the T3 group exhibited the most pronounced growth promoting effects.The villus height in T1 and T3 groups was significantly higher than that of fish in C0 group(P<0.01),and the villus width in T3 group was significantly higher than that in C0,T1,and T2 groups(P<0.05).The muscle layer thickness in T1—T3 group was also significantly higher than that in the C0 group(P<0.05).Furthermore,single or conjoint administration of lactic acid bacteria resulted in elevated levels of three serum enzymes and intestinal digestive enzyme activity in largemouth bass,with the LP-37+PP-23 combination yielding the higher levels.Comparing with the C0 group,IL-1β,IL-8,TNF-α,and IFN-γmRNA expression levels in the spleen and head kidneys of T1—T3 group significantly decreased(P<0.05),while expression levles of IL-10 and TGF-1βsignificantly increased(P<0.05).Hence,supplementation with LP-37 and PP-23 additives significantly improve the growth,enzyme activity in the serum and intestine,increased expression of antiinflammatory factors,decreased expression of pro-inflammatory factors,and significantly improved the intestinal morphology in largemouth bass.Moreover,the probiotic effect of LP-37+PP-23 was particularly effective.

关 键 词：植物乳杆菌 戊糖片球菌 大口黑鲈 生长性能 免疫性能 

分 类 号：S965.1[农业科学—水产养殖]