时空框架效应的理论与应用探索  

Theoretical and practical exploration of the time−space framing effect

作　　者：匡仪 黄元娜 马家涛 尹述飞[1] KUANG Yi;HUANG Yuan-Na;MA Jia-Tao;YIN Shu-Fei(Department of Psychology,Hubei University,Wuhan 430062,China;Department of Marketing,School of Economics and Management,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北大学心理学系,武汉430062 [2]清华大学经济管理学院市场营销系,北京100084 [3]浙江大学心理与行为科学系,杭州310058

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2024年第9期1416-1429,共14页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(72301096);湖北省教育厅人文社会科学研究青年项目(22Q014)。

摘　　要：“理解与改进决策”被认为是行为决策研究者应优先关注的重大问题。考察框架效应可同时实现理解与改进决策的目标。目前框架效应的研究与应用主要集中在多属性和风险决策领域,对现实生活中普遍存在的跨期和空间决策领域的探索则相对滞后。鉴于时间和空间存在着可相互转换的关系,本研究迫切想探讨是否存在一类时空框架效应(即,采用时间或空间框架描述同一决策问题而导致选择偏好改变),可对于理解和改进时空决策发挥切实作用。本研究拟通过认知行为实验、眼动实验及现场实验等多种方法,依次检验时空框架效应的现象(研究1)、心理机制(研究2和3)及助推效果(研究4),为回答所提出的问题提供汇聚性证据。研究成果将为理解跨期和空间决策提供一种新的研究视角和范式,并为助推个人和组织做出更优的决策提供心理学建议。“Understanding and improving decision-making”is considered to be a major priority for researchers in behavioral decision-making.Investigating framing effects can simultaneously achieve the goals of understanding and improving decision-making.Currently,framing effects are mainly studied and applied in multi-attribute and risky decision-making fields,with relatively less attention directed toward the exploration of intertemporal and spatial decision-making despite their common occurrences in real-life scenarios.Given the interchangeable nature of time and space,this study seeks to investigate the potential existence of a new time-space framing effect(i.e.,preference changes resulting from using a time or space framing to describe the same decision problem)that can effectively contribute to understanding and improving real-life spatiotemporal decision-making.To address the proposed question,this study intends to examine the phenomenon of the time−space framing effect(Study 1),unravel its psychological mechanisms(Studies 2 and 3),and ascertain its practical implications for nudging behavior(Study 4)by employing multiple methods,such as cognitive-behavioral approach,eye-tracking technique,and field experiment.The findings of this study are anticipated to provide a new research perspective and paradigm for understanding intertemporal and spatial decision-making while furnishing psychological insights to nudge individuals and organizations toward making more judicious decisions.

关 键 词：跨期决策 空间决策 框架效应 心理机制 助推 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]