社交网站使用对青少年身体不满意的影响及其内在机制  

The influence of social networking site use on adolescents'body dissatisfaction and its internal mechanism

作　　者：张天羽 张亚利 张向葵 ZHANG Tianyu;ZHANG Yali;ZHANG Xiangkui(School of Psychology,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130024,China;College of Education,Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang 050024,China;College of Applied Technology,Anshan Normal University,Anshan 114016,China)

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学心理学院,长春130024 [2]河北师范大学教育学院,石家庄050024 [3]鞍山师范学院应用技术学院,辽宁鞍山114016

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2024年第9期1514-1527,共14页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：河北省教育厅科学研究项目(SQ2024178);鞍山师范学院“十四五”专项科研课题(SSZX142)资助。

摘　　要：身体不满意在青少年群体中广泛存在,社交网站使用被视为一种关键的影响因素。系统梳理社交网站使用影响青少年身体不满意的表现形式、作用路径及其中的调节因素,对于预防和干预青少年身体不满意具有重要意义。社交网站使用的程度、形式、行为以及动机均可能对青少年的身体不满意产生影响。这种影响主要通过“外貌比较与理想身材内化”“自我客体化与身体监控”“外貌自我图式与外貌自我差异”三条路径发挥作用。此外,这种影响会受到包括大五人格、自恋和完美主义的人格因素,自我同情、自我概念清晰性在内的自我认知因素,以及社交媒体素养、社交媒体外貌意识在内的媒体认知因素的调节。未来应当深化对社交网站使用与身体不满意之间关联的本土化研究,从对象、方法、内容等多个方面拓宽研究领域,并进一步验证和简化理论框架,以期挖掘出更多有益于改善青少年身体不满意的网络干预方案。Body dissatisfaction is common among adolescents,and the use of social networking sites is a risk factor.Conducting a systematic review of the manifestations,pathways,and moderators of how social networking site use affects adolescents'body dissatisfaction is crucial for preventing and addressing this issue.The use of social networking sites can impact adolescents'body dissatisfaction in several ways.This influence occurs through three main pathways:comparison and internalization of the ideal body,self-objectification and body surveillance,and appearance self-schema and appearance self-discrepancy.Furthermore,this effect is moderated by personality factors,including the Big Five personality traits,narcissism and perfectionism;self-cognitive factors,such as self-compassion and self-concept clarity;and media-cognitive factors,including social media literacy and appearance-related social media consciousness.Future research should focus on exploring the relationship between social networking site use and body dissatisfaction in China,expanding the scope to include various aspects such as research subjects,methods,and content,and further validating and simplifying the theoretical framework.This will help develop more effective online intervention programs to address adolescents'body dissatisfaction.

关 键 词：身体不满意 社交网站 青少年 

分 类 号：B844[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]