温州丽岙侨乡留守妇女规模变迁的研究  

A Study on the Scale Change of Women Left Behind by Transnational Migrant Husbands in the Overseas Chinese’Hometown of Li’ao in Wenzhou

作　　者：杨志玲[1] 徐辉 苏玉洁[1] 吴征涛 YANG Zhiling;XU Hui;SU Yujie;WU Zhengtao(School of Foreign Studies,Wenzhou University,Wenzhou,China 325035)

机构地区：[1]温州大学外国语学院,浙江温州325035

出　　处：《温州大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第3期72-80,共9页Journal of Wenzhou University：Social Science Edition

基　　金：温州大学侨特色研究培育项目(WDQP20-LW016)。

摘　　要：侨乡留守妇女研究是中国侨乡女性史研究的重要内容之一,对温州著名侨乡丽岙街道跨国移民引起的留守妇女的研究,有助于了解侨乡留守妇女规模变迁的阶段及特征,即20世纪70年代前,男性出国人员较少、与海外女子婚配等原因形成留守妇女产生的萌芽期;改革开放后,大批男性前往海外谋生引发留守妇女规模的爆发期;男性取得海外合法身份及立业后,以家庭团聚方式的人口“大迁徙”形成留守妇女规模的锐减期;由于出境手续办理繁琐、海外婚配增加等原因造成留守妇女规模的停滞期;2015年后,在国外生活的妇女,由于生活压力大、语言交流障碍等原因回国,促成留守妇女规模的反弹期。在经历各阶段的起伏后,现今温州丽岙侨乡留守妇女总体规模较小,并趋于稳定。The study of left-behind women in overseas Chinese hometown is one of the most important parts of historical study of women in China.Development phases and characteristics of each phase of women left behind by transnational migrant husbands in the famous Chinese diaspora’hometown of Li’ao in Wenzhou are discussed.It is found that there are five phases in the scale of left-behind women:beginning,outbreak,reduction,stasis and rebound.In the early days of the 20th century,there were few emigrant husbands and some single males abroad married foreign women,causing the beginning stage;after the reform and opening-up policies,a large number of husbands went overseas to earn a living,thus triggering the outbreak stage;after husbands obtained legal residential permit and started up business abroad,they assisted their wives in China to reunite abroad by legal application procedure,shaping the sharp reduction stage featuring by“major migration”;the cumbersome legal applying procedures for family reunion and increasing overseas marriage resulted in the stasis stage;after 2015,women living abroad returned to China because of economic and living pressures and language barriers abroad,contributing to the rebound stage.After those different phases,the scale of left-behind women in Li’ao in Wenzhou is getting smaller and more stable.

关 键 词：跨国移民 留守妇女 规模 历史阶段 

分 类 号：C924.2[社会学—人口学]