临床护士感知社会支持和抗逆力在职业倦怠与抑郁间的链式中介效应  

Chain mediating effect of perceived social support and resilience on burnout and depression among clinical nurses

作　　者：柯丽[1,2] 徐兰兰 李艳[2] 李龙倜 贾佳 Ke Li;Xu Lanlan;Li Yan;Li Longti;Jia Jia(Center of Health Administration and Development Studies,Hubei University of Medicine,Shiyan 442000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北医药学院卫生管理与卫生事业发展研究中心,湖北十堰442000 [2]湖北医药学院护理学院 [3]十堰市太和医院(湖北医药学院附属医院)

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2024年第15期56-60,共5页Journal of Nursing Science

基　　金：2021年度湖北省高等学校哲学社会科学研究项目(21Q198);湖北省普通高等学校人文社科重点研究基地开放基金资助(2022YB005)。

摘　　要：目的探讨感知社会支持和抗逆力在临床护士职业倦怠对抑郁影响机制的多重中介作用,为开展干预以促进护士心理健康提供参考。方法基于资源保护理论,采用职业倦怠量表、感知社会支持量表、抗逆力量表和抑郁量表对1574名临床护士进行调查,构建并检验链式中介模型。结果护士职业倦怠得分为2.19(1.33,3.02)分,感知社会支持得分为71.00(59.00,80.00)分,抗逆力得分为30.00(22.00,34.00)分,抑郁得分为8.00(2.00,10.00)分;职业倦怠与感知社会支持及抗逆力呈负相关,与抑郁呈正相关,感知社会支持和抗逆力与抑郁呈负相关(均P<0.05)。职业倦怠对抑郁影响的总效应为0.441,感知社会支持和抗逆力在职业倦怠对抑郁的影响中起部分中介作用,中介效应分别占11.56%和14.74%,两者的链式中介效应占总效应的14.51%。结论临床护士职业倦怠和抑郁负性心理问题仍较为严重。感知社会支持和抗逆力在护士职业倦怠与抑郁间起链式中介作用。可通过提高护士群体的感知社会支持和抗逆力水平,以帮助其缓解职业倦怠对抑郁的影响,改善其心理健康。Objective To explore the multiple mediating effects of perceived social support and resilience in the impact mechanism of burnout on depression among clinical nurses,so as to provide references for conducting intervention to improve nurses′mental health.Methods Based on the Conservation of Resources Theory,a questionnaire survey was conducted among 1,574 clinical nurses by using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey(MBI-GS),the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support(MSPSS),the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC)and the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ-9)to construct and test a chain mediation model.Results The participants′total score of MBI-GS,MSPSS,CD-RISC and PHQ-9 was 2.19(1.33,3.02),71.00(59.00,80.00),30.00(22.00,34.00)and 8.00(2.00,10.00).The score of MBI-GS was negatively correlated with the scores of MSPSS and CD-RISC,and positively correlated with the score of PHQ-9;and the score of MSPSS was negatively correlated with the scores of CD-RISC and PHQ-9(all P<0.05).The total effect of burnout on depression was 0.441,and perceived social support and resilience partially mediated the impact of burnout on depression,making up 11.56%and 14.74%of the mediation effects,respectively,with their combined chain mediation effect accounting for 14.51%of the total effect.Conclusion Negative psychological issues such as burnout and depression are still relatively severe among clinical nurses.Perceived social support and resilience play a chain mediating role between burnout and depression.It is suggested to enhance clinical nurses′perceived social support and resilience level,so as to mitigate the impact of burnout on depression,finally improve their mental health.

关 键 词：护士 感知社会支持 抗逆力 职业倦怠 抑郁 心理健康 资源保护理论 链式中介效应 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学] R395.6[医药卫生—临床医学]