工业机器人应用对于企业加成率的影响研究  

Research on the impact of industrial robot application on enterprise markups

作　　者：肖挺[1] 叶浩 Xiao Ting;Ye Hao(School of International Economics and Trade,Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics,Nanchang 330013,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]江西财经大学国际经贸学院,江西南昌330013

出　　处：《科研管理》2024年第8期41-50,共10页Science Research Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目:“制造企业业务维度对服务化收益影响机制研究:基于与服务供应商合作关系的视角”(72262015,2023.01—2026.12)。

摘　　要：制造业总体的“大而不强”在企业层面的反映即为产品附加值和利润率较低,加快新质生产力培育是制造企业高端化和智能化转型的必经之路。结合2011—2019年IFR的工业机器人数据以及制造企业上市公司数据,以新一代人工智能技术的代表——工业机器人的应用表征新质生产力培育成果,实证检验了工业机器人应用对于制造企业加成率的提升作用。研究发现,机器人应用对于企业加成率的促进效应在沿海区域表现得更为明显,且资本密集型行业以及知识和技术密集型行业从工业机器人应用中获益更大。此外,资本密集度更高的企业以及非国有控股的企业更易于从中获得加成率提升效应。机制检验表明,工业机器人应用对于企业市场势力促进的中间机制为“技术进步效应”和“成本效应”,并且发现了机器人应用在行业内和行业间存在着不同的技术扩散效应。研究从企业市场竞争优势打造的微观层面揭示了新质生产力培育之成效,为打造现代化产业体系提供了有效的理论依据。The reflection of the manufacturing industry′s state of"large-scale yet lacking strength"at the enterprise level is evident in the low levels of product value-added and profit margins.Accelerating the cultivation of new quality productivity is an indispensable path for the high-end and intelligent transformation of manufacturing enterprises.By combining the data on industrial robots from the International Federation of Robotics(IFR)for the years 2011 to 2019 and the data from publicly listed manufacturing companies,the application of industrial robots,representing the new generation of artificial intelligence technology,was used to characterize the outcomes of cultivating new quality productivity.The research found that the boosting effect of robot applications on firm markup rates is more pronounced in coastal regions,and that capital-intensive and knowledge-and technology-intensive industries benefit more from the application of industrial robots.The mechanism testing revealed that the intermediate mechanisms through which industrial robot applications promote market forces for enterprises are the"technological progress effect"and"cost effect".The study also discovered different technological diffusion effects of robot applications within and between industries.At the micro-level of building enterprise market competitive advantages,this research unveiled the effectiveness of cultivating new quality productivity,thus providing an effective theoretical basis for constructing a modern industrial system.

关 键 词：新质生产力 工业机器人 制造业 企业加成率 

分 类 号：F272[经济管理—企业管理]