专家委员会如何评判“优秀”——顶尖大学博士生招生中学科逻辑的影响  

How Admission Committees Judge"Merit":The Disciplinary Logic of Doctoral Admission at a Top University

作　　者：张熙 王严淞 ZHANG Xi;WANG Yan-song(College of Education,Beijing Sport University,Beijing g100084,China)

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学教育学院,北京100084

出　　处：《高等教育研究》2024年第3期65-73,共9页Journal of Higher Education

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(23YJC880147)。

摘　　要：考察某顶尖大学分属自然科学、社会科学和人文学科八个院系的博士生招生,构建了三个“高共识度”学科的评估模式以更好阐释学科如何塑造招生评价标准和实践过程,发现制度化的学科假设是专家委员会招生评价的学科逻辑基础,学科的主流理论、认识论、方法论和实践优先项都影响评价和录取结果。学科逻辑在招生评价中发挥的功能主要是限制教师对申请者个体特征的关注范围,为建构“优秀”的标准提供理由和边界,对录取决策施加适当的规范。学科逻辑通过建构理性模式使学术共同体内部的质量标准和评价实践得以合法化。In order to better understand how disciplines shape the evaluation criteria and practice of doctoral admissions,a comparative case study based on evaluation sociology was conducted in eight departments in the natural sciences,humanities and social sciences at the B University.By developing teacher evaluation models of three"high consensus"disciplines,the study finds that institutionalized assumptions underpin disciplinary logics in admissions assessment,and that dominant theories,epistemologies,methodologies and practical priori-ties of the disciplines all have an impact on assessment and admissions outcomes.The func-tion of disciplinary logic in admissions assessment is to limit the scope of teachers'attention to individual elements of applicant characteristics,to provide justification and boundaries for constructing criteria of"Merit",and to impose appropriate norms for admissions decisions.Disciplinary logic legitimizes quality standards and evaluation practices within the academic community by constructing rational models.

关 键 词：博士生招生 学科逻辑 认知风格 评价标准 

分 类 号：G643[文化科学—高等教育学]