生物安全事件治理中的危机沟通——基于公众理解科学的视角  

Crisis Communication in Governance of Biosafety Incidents:An Analyze Based on Public Understanding Science

作　　者：张涛[1] ZHANG Tao(School of Marxism,Henan University,Kaifeng 475001,China)

机构地区：[1]河南大学马克思主义学院,开封475001

出　　处：《自然辩证法研究》2024年第7期107-112,共6页Studies in Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：河南省高校人文社会科学研究一般项目(2023-ZZJH-078);河南省社科联调研课题(SKL-2023-1653)。

摘　　要：有别于地震、火灾等常规突发危机事件,生物安全事件的认知门槛高且后果外溢性强,致使公众危机认知呈现出认知主体的多元异质性、选择性心理、认知结果的涌现性及后续行为的群体无意识和非适应性等特点。同时,生物安全事件危机评估的不确定性、沟通内容的修辞困境以及新兴数字信息技术对传播生态的冲击也影响着危机沟通的有效性。危机沟通是一个非常规情境下的科学传播过程,其有效性取决于及时、主动的沟通理念,以受众为中心的全过程沟通模式,基于“广谱性”知识的信息编码原则及多主体协同的沟通机制。Crisis communication for biosafety incidents faces multiple challenges.These incidents are more difficult for the general public to understand and have more wide-ranging,serious consequences than conventional emergency crisis events such as earthquakes and fires.Therefore,responses to biosafety incidents must take into account not just typical characteristics of public crisis response,but also responses of subjects with heterogenous cognitive abilities,excessive emotional responses,lack of understanding of the incident and refusal adapt behavior in light of the incident.Furthermore,crisis communication about biosafety incidents faces additional challenges,including uncertainties in crisis assessment,rhetorical dilemmas of communication content,changes in communication patterns and emerging digital information technology.Crisis communication,as a science communication process utilized in unconventional situations,depends on timely and active communication,use of a whole-process communication mode centering on the audience,information coding principles based on“broad spectrum”knowledge and communication through multi-party cooperation mechanisms.

关 键 词：生物安全事件 社会治理 危机沟通 公众理解科学 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]