《西铭》的意义结构述论  

A Review of the Meaning Structure of the Essay of Xi Ming

作　　者：张波 ZHANG Bo(School of Politics and Law,Baoji University of Arts and Sciences,Baoji 721013,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]宝鸡文理学院政法学院,陕西宝鸡721016

出　　处：《宝鸡文理学院学报（社会科学版）》2024年第4期31-38,共8页Journal of Baoji University of Arts and Sciences：Social Science Edition

基　　金：陕西省社会科学基金项目:张载经学论考(项目编号:2020C001)。

摘　　要：《西铭》是北宋思想家张载的一篇著名文章,被视为宋明理学的重要奠基之作,历代多有诠释。但不同学者对《西铭》主旨的认识却不尽相同,有“仁体”说、“理一分殊”说、“万物一体”说和“仁孝”说等各种观点。事实上,该文具有严密的意义结构,并与其文章布局、行文方法以及张载本人思想等密不可分。《西铭》融会《易传》《孟子》《中庸》等先秦儒家经典,以“事天”为主旨,提出了“民吾同胞”的事天原则,“敬乐”“克省”的事天工夫,以及乐天知命、存顺没宁的事天境界,从而展现了张载对传统儒家思想的诠释与创新,尤其是对天人关系和个体伦理责任与义务的新思考。The Essay of Xi Ming is a famous article written by the outstanding philosopher Zhang Zai in the Northern Song Dynasty.It is regarded as an important foundational work of Neo Confucianism in the Song and Ming dynasties,and has been interpreted by scholars throughout history.However,different scholars have different understandings of the main theme of the Essay of Xi Ming,including various opinions such as the“Renti”theory,the“Liyi-Fenshu”theory,the“Wanwu Yiti”theory,and the“Renxiao”theory.In fact,the article has a rigorous meaning structure,which is closely related to the article layout,writing methods,and Zhang Zai's own thoughts.That is to say,the Essay of Xi Ming integrates classics of pre-Qin Confucianism such as the Book of Changes,Mencius,and the Doctrine of the Mean,with“serving heaven”as the main theme,proposing the“serving heaven”principle of“treating the people as my brothers and sisters”,the“serving heaven”effort of“respecting and revering”and“rigorous self-discipline”,and the“serving heaven”realm of“accepting heaven's arrangement,being content with one's own destiny,and facing death with a calm and peaceful mentality”,thus demonstrating Zhang Zai's interpretation and innovation of traditional Confucianism,especially his new thinking on the relationship between heaven and man and individual ethical responsibilities and obligations.

关 键 词：张载 《西铭》 意义结构 事天 

分 类 号：B244[哲学宗教—中国哲学]