扩展生物催化的边界:嗜热酶的潜力与应用  

Expanding the frontiers of biocatalysis:the potential and applications of thermophilic enzymes

作　　者：李雅静 李悦君 杨昕睿 解桂秋[2] 高仁钧[1] LI Yajing;LI Yuejun;YANG Xinrui;XIE Guiqiu;GAO Renjun(School of Life Sciences,Jilin University,Changchun 130000,China;School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Jilin University,Changchun 130000,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学生命科学院,长春130000 [2]吉林大学药学院,长春130000

出　　处：《生命的化学》2024年第7期1228-1239,共12页Chemistry of Life

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21778021,31700696);国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFA0907003)。

摘　　要：20世纪中期,科学家在深海热液喷口和热泉中发现了能够生存的微生物。这一发现极大地拓展了人们对生命极限的认知,更引领了科学界对嗜热菌及其嗜热酶的深入研究。嗜热酶的三维结构相比常温酶类更为紧密,分子间的相互作用更为密集,赋予了它们在高温下仍能维持高效催化活性和结构稳定性的能力。随着绿色化学理念的推广以及对酶催化技术的日益重视,嗜热酶凭借其独特的优异特性,在生物技术和工业领域迎来了新的发展机遇。本文将探讨嗜热酶的独特性质,并阐述其在生物技术、食品工业、医药、化工和环境保护等领域的应用潜力。In the mid-20th century,scientists discovered that microorganisms could survive in deep-sea hydrothermal vents and hot springs,which greatly expanded people’s understanding of the limits of life and sparked a deeper exploration into thermophiles and their thermophilic enzymes.The three-dimensional structures of thermophilic enzymes are more compact than mesophilic enzymes,featuring denser intermolecular interactions,which allows them to maintain high catalytic activity and structural stability even under high-temperature.With the promotion of green chemistry concepts and increasing attention to enzyme catalysis technology,thermophilic enzymes have opened up new opportunities in the field of biotechnology and industry due to their unique excellent properties.This paper will discuss the unique properties of thermophilic enzymes and their potential applications in various fields such as biotechnology,the food industry,medicine,chemistry,and environmental protection.

关 键 词：嗜热酶 热稳定性 化工合成 食品工业 临床医学及药学研究 

分 类 号：Q814[生物学—生物工程]