独蒜兰形态生理特征对不同生长温度的响应  

Morphological and Physiological Response of Pleione bulbocodioides to Three Different Growth Temperature

作　　者：贺膑 张石宝[1,3] HE Bin;ZHANG Shibao(Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology,Kunming Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming Yunnan 650201,P.R.China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,P.R.China;Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources,Kunming Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming Yunnan 650201,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院昆明植物研究所资源植物与生物技术重点实验室,云南昆明650201 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院昆明植物研究所,云南省野生资源植物研发重点实验室,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2024年第4期20-28,共9页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：云南省基础研究计划重大项目“滇西北重要野生植物种质资源发掘利用”(202101BC07003);云南省“兴滇英才支持计划”产业创新人才项目(YNWR-CYJS-2020-023);云南省创新团队项目(202105AE160012)。

摘　　要：为探究独蒜兰对温度的响应机制,对独蒜兰在昼夜温度为32/27℃(高温)、26/21℃(中温)和20/15℃(低温)3个温度处理下的叶片形态、生理特性和生物量分配进行研究。结果显示:(1)高温处理会显著减少根系的生物量分配。(2)高温和低温处理显著降低叶片长度和气孔面积,但是可提高气孔密度。中温处理植株的最大净光合速率、气孔导度、叶肉导度、电子传递速率、Rubisco的最大羧化速率和相对叶绿素含量都显著高于其它2个处理,表明生长温度过高或过低均对独蒜兰的光合能力产生抑制作用。(3)从膜稳定性来看,高温和低温处理均增加了独蒜兰叶片的相对电导率。(4)高温处理还使叶片的丙二醛含量、过氧化氢和超氧阴离子含量升高,同时伴随着超氧化物歧化酶活性的上升。可得结论:生长温度显著影响独蒜兰的生理功能和生物量分配,高温通过抑制光合作用、增加活性氧积累和膜指过氧化而引起独蒜兰的胁迫响应。研究结果可为阐明独蒜兰属植物的温度适应机制和制定人工栽培措施奠定基础。Pleione bulbocodioides is a nationally protected wild plant with important medicinal value,and is mainly distributed in the middle-altitude to high-altitude areas of southwestern China.Preliminary observations have found that this species is sensitive to high temperature.When the temperature exceeds 30℃,it can exhibit a significant heat stress response.To explore the mechanism of heat sensitivity,we investigated leaf morphology,physiological performances and biomass allocation of P.bulbocodioides under three day/night temperature treatments of 32/27℃(high temperature),26/21℃(medium temperature),and 20/15℃(low temperature).The results showed that high-temperature treatment significantly reduced the biomass allocation into the roots of P.bulbocodioides.In addition,high and low temperatures significantly decreased leaf length and stomatal size but significantly increased stomatal density.The maximum net photosynthetic rate(A_(max)),stomatal conductance(G_(s)),mesophyll conductance(G_(m)),electron transport rate(ETR),maximum carboxylation rate of Rubisco(V_(c,max))and relative chlorophyll content(SPAD)in plants grown at medium temperature were significantly higher than plants grown at high and low temperatures.The results showed that both high and low growth temperatures inhibited the photosynthetic capacity of P.bulbocodioides.From the perspective of membrane stability,both high-temperature and low-temperature treatments increased the relative conductivity of the leaves of P.bulbocodioides.The malondialdehyde(MDA)content,H_(2)O_(2)content,O_(2-)content and degree of membrane lipid peroxidation in the leaves of P.bulbocodioides increased under high temperature,accompanied by a significant increase in superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity.The above results indicated that growth temperature significantly affected leaf morphology,physiological function and biomass allocation of P.bulbocodioides.High temperature caused the stress on P.bulbocodioides by depressing photosynthesis,increasing the accumulation of reactive

关 键 词：独蒜兰 高温 光合作用 活性氧 膜脂过氧化 

分 类 号：S682.31[农业科学—观赏园艺] Q945.3[农业科学—园艺学]