个体资本、专业选择与教育回报:工科学生的来路与出路——基于CGSS2021数据的实证研究  

Individual Capital,Professional Choice,and Educational Returns:The Background and Prospects of Engineering Students——An Empirical Study Based on CGSS2021 Data

作　　者：胡德鑫 田野 Hu Dexin;Tian Ye(School of Education,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学教育学院,天津300350

出　　处：《天津大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第5期422-430,共9页Journal of Tianjin University：Social Sciences

基　　金：中国高等教育学会“十四五”规划专项重点课题(21CJZD08)。

摘　　要：随着高等教育普及化的持续提升以及新型工业化驱动下工程教育的改革复杂交织,工科专业选择逐渐成为学术界关注的热点。文章基于质量功能展开原理、理性选择假设和相关研究结果的阐释和综述,采用CGSS2021相关数据,通过回归分析对个体资本、专业选择和教育回报三者间的相互影响关系进行分析。研究发现:个体教育资本较高或家庭文化资本较低的学生更倾向于选择工科类专业,工科类专业的物质性和非物质性教育回报均显著高于其他专业类型。基于此,文章从“拓宽来路”和“优化出路”两个方向提出策略建议,即扩建WHATS矩阵、调控理性选择和升级评估矩阵、提高教育回报。With the continuous promotion of higher education popularization and the complex and intertwined reform of engineering education driven by the new industrialization,the choice of engineering majors has gradually become a hot topic of academic community.Based on the principles of quality function deployment,rational choice hypothesis,and the explanation and review of relevant research,the mutually influenced relationship between individual capital,professional choice,and educational return is designed and studied by utilizing CGSS2021 data.The results show that students with higher individual education capital or lower family cultural capital are more inclined to choose engineering majors,both the material and non-material educational returns of engineering majors are significantly higher than other professional types.Furthermore,based on the analysis of the background and prospects of engineering students,strategic suggestions are proposed to expand the WHATS matrix,regulate rational selection and upgrade the evaluation matrix,improve educational returns.

关 键 词：专业选择 个体资本 教育回报 工程教育 新工科 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]