模式生物果蝇在食品毒理学实验教学改革中的应用  

Application of the Model Organism Drosophila in the Reform of Experimental Teaching of Food Toxicology

作　　者：韦田 张程[1] 赵玲俐[1] 王华[1] 徐德祥[1] WEI Tian;ZHANG Cheng;ZHAO Lingli;WANG Hua;XU Dexiang

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院卫生毒理学系,安徽合肥230032

出　　处：《科教文汇》2024年第17期122-125,共4页Journal of Science and Education

基　　金：安徽省高等学校省级、校级质量工程项目(2024xjxm31、2022gzs006);教育部高等教育司协同育人项目(2020xfxm30);毒理学基础教学团队(2021jxtd134)。

摘　　要：黑腹果蝇是生命科学领域经典模式生物之一,具有体积小、易饲养、繁殖快和遗传背景清晰等特点,已助力科学家获得六次诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。目前,黑腹果蝇已成为食源性污染物毒作用评价及深入机制研究的新兴动物模型,且不受伦理限制,符合毒理学替代法3R原则。该文简述了模式生物果蝇在食品毒理学实验教学应用中的可行性和优势,及其在寿命、神经和生殖毒作用机制方面的应用研究。将果蝇模型应用于食品毒理学实验教学,有助于实现教学与科研相融合,推动食品毒理学教学的发展。Drosophila melanogaster is one of the classic model organisms in the life sciences,characterized by small size,easy rearing,rapid reproduction and clear genetic background,which has helped scientists to win six Nobel Prizes in Physiology or Medicine.Currently,Drosophila melanogaster has become an emerging animal model for evaluating the toxic effects of food contaminants and studying the in-depth mechanisms,and it is not subject to ethical restrictions,which is in accordance with the 3Rs principle of toxicological replacement.This study briefly describes the feasibility and advantages of the Drosophila model organism in the experimental teaching of food toxicology,and its application in the study of lifespan,neurological and reproductive toxic mechanisms.The application of Drosophila model in the experimental teaching of food toxicology can realize the integration of teaching and research and promote the development of food toxicology teaching.

关 键 词：食品毒理学 实验教学 模式生物 果蝇 

分 类 号：G642.0[文化科学—高等教育学]