2022年上海奉贤区高中生视力不良现状及与教室视觉环境关系的分析  

Analysis of the current situation of poor vision among senior high school students in Fengxian District and the relationship with the visual environment of the classroom in 2022

作　　者：戴辉 秦萌[2] 高善西[2] 刘才兄 DAI Hui;QIN Meng;GAO Shanxi;LIU Caixiong(Secretary Office of Qianqiao Community Health Service Center of Qingcun Town of Fengxian District,Shanghai 201407,China;Business Teaching Management Section of Fengxian District Center for disease prevention and control,Shanghai 201400,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市奉贤区青村镇钱桥社区卫生服务中心书记室,上海201407 [2]上海市奉贤区疾病预防控制中心业务教学管理科,上海201400

出　　处：《上海医药》2024年第14期45-48,共4页Shanghai Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal

基　　金：2022年度奉贤区(社会类)科技发展基金项目(20221403)。

摘　　要：目的:掌握奉贤区高中生视力不良情况,调查教室视觉环境情况,为完善我区儿童青少年近视综合防控工作提供依据。方法:对辖区高中生全覆盖屈光建档,随机抽取城乡高中各1所,监测教室视觉环境,依照相关标准监测评价,并分析高中生视力不良与教室视觉环境的相关性。结果:奉贤区高中生视力不良率91.24%,女生视力不良率(92.60%)高于男生(88.97%),高三学生视力不良率最高(92.69%);2所监测点高中学校的黑板照度均匀度(100%)、黑板反射比(91.67%)、黑板平均照度(83.33%)、黑板下缘到讲台的距离(83.33%)合格率较高,其他教室视觉环境卫生指标合格率均较低。城市高中和农村高中教室人均面积、后墙反射比合格率差异有统计学意义(χ2=12,P=0.002;χ2=8.571,P=0.015),其他指标合格率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);未发现高中生视力不良与教室视觉环境存在相关性。结论:上海奉贤区高中学校仍需进一步改进教室布局、课桌椅分配等,持续改善教室视觉环境,建设视觉友好环境。Objective:To grasp the poor vision among senior high school students in Fengxian District,investigate the visual environment of the classroom,and provide a basis for improving the comprehensive prevention and control of myopia in children and adolescents in our district.Methods:The refractive files were established for the full coverage of senior high school students in Fengxian District,and one urban and one rural high schools were randomly selected,the visual environment of the classroom was monitored,and evaluated according to relevant standards and the correlation between the poor vision of senior high school students and the classroom visual environment was analyzed.Results:The rate of poor vision among senior high school students in Fengxian District was 91.24%,that of girls(92.60%)was higher than that of boys(88.97%),and that of the students in grade three of senior high school was the highest(92.69%);the rate of blackboard illumination uniformity(100%),blackboard reflection ratio(91.67%),average illumination of blackboard(83.33%),and distance from the lower edge of the blackboard to the podium(83.33%)were higher in the two monitoring spots in the senior high schools,and the rate of visual environment hygiene indicators in other classrooms was low.There were statistical differences in the per capita area and back wall reflection ratio rate between urban senior high schools and rural senior high schools(χ2=12,P=0.002;χ2=8.571,P=0.015),and there was no statistical difference in the pass rate of other indicators(P>0.05).The correlation between poor vision among senior high school students and the visual environment in the classroom was not found.Conclusion:It is necessary to further improve the layout of the classroom and the distribution of desks and chairs to improve the visual environment of the classroom and build a visual-friendly environment in senior high schools in Fengxian District,Shanghai.

关 键 词：视力不良 高中生 教室 视觉环境 

分 类 号：R778.11[医药卫生—眼科]