玉米新材料昌新19的穗部产量性状和淀粉特性分析  

Analysis of Ear Yield and Starch Characteristics of a New Maize Material‘Changxin 19’

作　　者：吴双智 李展凤 刘凯鑫 王江昊 茆倩倩 郭新梅[1] WU Shuangzhi;LI Zhangfeng;LIU Kaixin;WANG Jianghao;MAO Qianqian;GUO Xinmei(College of Agronomy,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao,Shandong 266000,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学农学院,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《陕西农业科学》2024年第8期5-9,17,共6页Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国防科工局核能开发科研项目“核辐射作物品种改良与害虫防控”;山东省重点研发计划(农业良种工程)课题(2022LZGC0063)。

摘　　要：为拓宽玉米种质资源,选育高产优质玉米品种,推动玉米持续增产,利用250Gy 60Co-γ射线处理昌7-2干种子后,通过连续多年对株型、穗部及籽粒性状的筛选获得突变体新材料昌新19。对昌7-2和昌新19籽粒和穗部表型、籽粒淀粉特性进行调查分析。结果发现,昌新19的粒长、粒宽、粒厚、百粒重、行粒数和穗粒重均显著或极显著大于昌7-2,其百粒重和穗粒重分别增加了8.4%和28.8%,具有良好的高产潜力表现。且昌新19的总淀粉含量为70.37%,具有良好的耐剪切性和热稳定性。本研究拓展了玉米新种质,为选育高产玉米新品种提供了理论依据和实践基础。To expand maize germplasm resources,select high-yield and high-quality maize varieties,and promote the continuous increase in maize yield,dry seeds of the maize variety Chang 7-2 were treated with 250Gy of 60Co gamma rays.A new mutant,‘Changxin 19’,was obtained through several years of screening based on plant type and panicle traits.The grain and panicle phenotypes,as well as the grain starch properties of‘Chang 7-2’and‘Changxin 19’,were investigated and analyzed.The results indicated that the grain length,grain width,grain thickness,100-grain weight,grain number per row,and grain weight per ear of Changxin 19 were significantly or extremely significantly greater than those of‘Chang 7-2’.Specifically,the 100-grain weight and grain weight per ear of Changxin 19 increased by 8.4% and 28.8%,respectively,demonstrating strong potential for high yield.The total starch content of Changxin 19 was 70.37%,which exhibited good shear resistance and thermal stability.This study develops new maize germplasm and provides a theoretical and practical basis for breeding new high-yield maize varieties.

关 键 词：诱变育种 籽粒 产量性状 表型分析 淀粉特性 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]