一种宇航轴向电涡流阻尼器的研究设计与试验  

Research,Design and Experiment of an Aerospace Axial Eddy Current Damper

作　　者：简晓书 张亚欣 JIAN Xiaoshu;ZHANG Yaxin(Guizhou Aerospace Linquan Motor Co.,LTD.,Guiyang 550003,China;National Engineering Research Center for Small and Special Precision Motors,Guiyang 550008,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州航天林泉电机有限公司,贵阳550008 [2]国家精密微特电机工程技术研究中心,贵阳550008

出　　处：《微电机》2024年第8期31-37,共7页Micromotors

摘　　要：相比于传统阻尼器,电涡流阻尼器具有结构简单、寿命长、非接触、无摩擦、无磨损等优点[1],在振动控制领域方面未来具有很好的应用前景。在电涡流阻尼器设计时,最关键的阻尼器特性需要在永磁体厚度、导体材料及导体长度等体积和重量约束条件下不断优化迭代获得的最优结果才有意义。本文针对某宇航领域使用的阻尼器任务需求,采用Ansoft软件二维瞬态磁场分析和结构约束条件,提出一种空间结构紧凑的双弹簧片结构电涡流阻尼器方案,并重点分析对永磁体厚度、导体材料、导体长度以及铜磁间隙等相关参数与阻尼系数之间的变化规律,获得阻尼系数最优的阻尼器,同时进行了弹簧片形状和刚度设计。最后,根据相关理论分析和设计后采用半功率带宽法获得阻尼器的阻尼比、一阶固有频率和阻尼系数,并通过了刚度试验和寿命试验,最终符合任务要求。Compared with traditional dampers,eddy current dampers have the advantages of non-contact,friction free,wear free,long service life,pollution-free,and simple structure,and making them widely applicable in the field of vibration control.In the design of eddy current dampers,the most critical damper characteristics need to be continuously optimized and iterated under the limit of certain size and weight in order to obtain meaningful optimal results.According to the requirements of damper used in aerospace field,this article presented a scheme of double-spring-plate structure eddy current damper with compact spatial structure by using the analysis method of transient magnetic field and the structural constraints.The variation law between key parameters(such as the thickness of permanent magnet,the conductor material,the conductor length,the gap of copper cup and permanent magnet)and damping coefficient were analyzed in detail,and the optimal damping coefficient was obtained,simultaneously designed the shape and stiffness of the spring-plate.Finally,the damper was manufactured based on relevant theoretical analysis and structural design,the damper was obtained the damping ratio,first-order natural frequency,and damping coefficient by using the half-power bandwidth method,and rigidity and life tests of the damper were completed on the testing platform,then the designed eddy current damper meets the design requirements.

关 键 词：电涡流阻尼器 阻尼系数 双弹簧片 刚度 阻尼比 

分 类 号：V475[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]