2021年河南省某地级市食源性疾病病例监测结果分析  

Analysis of surveillance results of foodborne disease cases in a prefecture-level city in Henan Province in 2021

作　　者：曹金虎 林风龙 席金彦[1] 郝鹏飞[2] 韩涵 王宽[2] 张光辉 任静朝[1] 曹佳 CAO Jinhu;LIN Fenglong;XI Jinyan;HAO Pengfei;HAN Han;WANG Kuan;ZHANG Guanghui;REN Jingchao;CAO Jia(School of Public Health,Xinxiang Medical University,Xinxiang,Henan 453000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]新乡医学院公共卫生学院,河南新乡453000 [2]新乡市疾病预防控制中心 [3]河南省疾病预防控制中心 [4]陆军军医大学军事预防医学系

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2024年第9期862-865,869,共5页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：河南省医学科技攻关计划项目(LHGJ20220158)。

摘　　要：目的通过对食源性疾病的流行病学特征进行分析,为该病的防控提供科学依据。方法2021年收集河南省某地级市哨点医院监测上报的14227例食源性疾病病例并进行二元logistic回归分析。结果食源性疾病发病多集中在6~9月;女性病例多于男性(44.62%),以18~<60岁中青年(58.48%)为主,未成年人(OR=1.94,95%CI:1.65~2.29)和≥60岁老年人(OR=1.34,95%CI:1.19~1.51)病情偏重,且未成年人(OR=2.20,95%CI:1.27~3.80)易出现聚集性发病。暴露食物以果蔬类(41.08%)为主,但肉类及其制品(OR=1.29,95%CI:1.11~1.50)、混合食品、菌藻类等(OR=1.38,95%CI:1.18~1.61)引起的中毒症状更为严重。虽然家庭(85.98%)是主要进食场所,但是与之相比集体食堂(OR=3.25,95%CI:2.56~4.13)和路边摊(OR=3.65,95%CI:2.91~4.57)用餐更易出现病情严重病例,集体食堂(OR=13.92,95%CI:8.56~22.63)食源性疾病聚集性更高。结论未成年人和老年人是食源性疾病的高危人群,肉类及其制品和混合食品是高危食品,路边摊位、集体食堂易出现严重病情,集体食堂更易发生聚集性食物中毒。Objective To provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of foodborne diseases by analyzing the epidemiological characteristics of the disease.Methods In 2021,the 14227 cases of foodborne diseases reported from the sentinel hospital surveillance in a prefecture-level city in Henan Province were collected and subjected to binary logistic regression analysis.Results The onset of foodborne illnesses was mostly concentrated from June to September;females accounted for more cases than males(44.62%),with young and middle-aged people aged 18 to<60 years(58.48%)predominating,minors(OR=1.94,95%CI:1.65-2.29)and elderly people aged≥60 years(OR=1.34,95%CI:1.19-1.51)were more severely affected,and the underage group(OR=2.20,95%CI:1.27-3.80)were susceptible to aggregated morbidity.The exposed foods were mainly fruits and vegetables(41.08%),but meat and its products(OR=1.29,95%CI:1.11-1.50)and mixed foods,mushrooms and algae etcetera(OR=1.38,95%CI:1.18-1.61)caused more severe poisoning symptoms.Although homes(85.98%)were the main eating place,compared with homes,severe cases were more likely to occur when eating in collective canteens(OR=3.25,95%CI:2.56-4.13)and roadside stalls(OR=3.65,95%CI:2.91-4.57),and collective canteens(OR=13.92,95%CI:8.56-22.63)foodborne illness aggregation was even higher.Conclusion Minors and the elderly are the high-risk groups for foodborne diseases,and meat and its products and mixed foods are high-risk foods.Roadside stalls and collective canteens are prone to serious illnesses,and collective canteens are more prone to aggregated food poisoning.

关 键 词：食源性疾病 监测 流行特征 聚集性 疾病预防 分析 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]