天津市居民食盐补碘意识与碘营养现状调查研究  

Investigation on the awareness of salt iodine supplementation and iodine nutrition status among residents in Tianjin

作　　者：陈璐[1] 王洋[1] CHEN Lu;WANG Yang(Institute of Environmental Health and School Health,Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,Tianjin 300011,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市疾病预防控制中心环境健康与公共卫生所,天津300011

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2024年第5期64-67,共4页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

基　　金：天津市医学重点学科建设项目(TJYXZDXK-051A);天津市科学技术普及项目(23KPHDRC00290);天津市卫健委面上项目(TJWJ2022MS045)。

摘　　要：目的了解天津市居民食盐补碘意识和碘营养现状,评价食用碘盐补碘效果。方法采用分层抽样法,调查天津市成人食用碘盐行为特征及原因,监测居民食盐和尿中含碘量,并进行甲状腺超声检测。结果调查对象共803人,平均年龄为41.03±9.84岁。94.02%的居民认为全民食盐补碘非常有必要或有一定的必要。有51.31%的居民主动购买碘盐。被调查者碘盐覆盖率为80.95%,合格碘盐食用率为77.33%。尿碘中位数为147.00μg/L,尿碘水平低于100μg/L的比例为31.01%。甲状腺肿大率为9.89%(79/799),甲状腺结节患病率为14.27%(114/799),甲状腺结节患者尿碘中位数为125.50μg/L,低于正常人群152.00μg/L。结论天津市成人居民碘营养水平总体适宜,但部分居民受到潜在威胁。Objective To understand the awareness and current status of iodine supplementation with salt among residents in Tianjin,to evaluate the effectiveness of iodine supplementation with iodized salt,and to provide a basis for scientific iodine supplementation.Methods A stratified sampling method was used to investigate the behavioral characteristics and reasons for consuming iodized salt among adults in Tianjin.The iodine content in residents′salt and urine was monitored,and thyroid ultrasound was performed.Results There were a total of 803 respondents in this survey,with an average age of 41.03±9.84 years old.94.02%of residents believed that universal salt iodine supplementation was very necessary or necessary.51.31%of residents voluntarily purchased iodized salt.The coverage rate of iodized salt among the respondents was 80.95%,and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 77.33%.The median urinary iodine level was 147.00μg/L,and the proportion of urinary iodine levels below 100μg/L was 31.01%.The prevalence of Goitre was 9.89%(79/799),and the prevalence of thyroid nodules was 14.27%(114/799).The median urinary iodine of patients with thyroid nodules was 125.50μg/L,lower than 152.00μg/L for the normal population.Conclusion The overall iodine nutrition level of adult residents in Tianjin is appropriate,but some residents are under potential threat.It is necessary to increase the coverage rate of iodized salt and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt,and at the same time promote changes in residents′iodized salt behavior patterns.

关 键 词：食盐 补碘 碘营养 

分 类 号：R153[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]