“假设-验证”模式在生态监测实验教学中的应用  

Application of Hypothesis-verification Mode in Experimental Teaching of Ecological Monitoring

作　　者：郭成圆 张九东[1] 孟长军[1] GUO Chengyuan;ZHANG Jiudong;MENG Changjun(School of Biological and Environmental Engineering,Xi’an University,Xi’an 710065,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西安文理学院生物与环境工程学院,中国陕西西安710065

出　　处：《生命科学研究》2024年第4期370-376,共7页Life Science Research

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划项目(2023-YBNY-004);陕西省省级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202311080060);西安市科技计划创新基金项目(2020KJWL19);西安市科技计划项目(20NYYF0061);西安文理学院三年行动计划项目(2021XDJH35);西安文理学院本科人才培养建设项目(JY2024KGE15)。

摘　　要：改革后的实验教学以问题假设为驱动力,以实践验证为抓手,结合生物多样性、植物功能性状等科研热点,调动学生探索身边生态环境的主观能动性,在有限的实验课程中提升学生解决问题的能力。实验内容包括植物多样性监测、比叶重和叶片相对含水量与土壤含水量的关系、不同生境下叶片气孔性状与光合色素的变化等。该实验教学模式的综合性和实用性强,可锻炼学生的逻辑思维和团队合作能力,提升学生的科研素养,培养学生的生态大局意识,实现理论知识与动手能力的相互融合。“假设-验证”模式的应用显著提升了生态监测实验教学的效果,76.06%的学生认为此模式具有活力,自身学习效果和生态意识都有明显的增强。The reformed teaching mode was driven by problem hypotheses with practical verification as a starting point,combined with scientific research hotspots such as biodiversity and plant functional traits.The aim of the teaching was to mobilize the students’subjective initiative in exploring the ecological environment around them,and enhance their problem-solving ability in limited class hours.The experiments included plant diversity monitoring,the relationship between leaf mass per unit area(LMA)and leaf relative water content(RWC)and soil moisture content,changes in leaf stomatal traits and photosynthetic pigments in different habitats.This experimental teaching mode had stronger comprehensiveness and practicality,and could be used to train students in their logical thinking,teamwork ability and scientific research quality,to cultivate their ecological awareness and to integrate their theoretical knowledge with practical skills.The application of the hypothesis-verification mode significantly improved the effectiveness of ecological monitoring experimental teaching,and 76.06%of the students believed that this mode was more dynamic and significantly raised their learning effect and ecological awareness.

关 键 词：生态监测 实验教学改革 环境生态工程 植物多样性 功能性状 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学] Q948.1[文化科学—教育学] X835[生物学—植物学]