基于FCS-MPC的PMSM自抗扰弱磁控制系统设计与分析  

Design and analysis of active disturbance rejection and field weakeningcontrol system for PMSM based on FCS-MPC

作　　者：余雨婷 黄杰[1] 褚衍廷 周方圆 YU Yuting;HUANG Jie;CHU Yanting;ZHOU Fangyuan(Hunan Railway Professional Technology College,Zhuzhou,Hunan 412001,China;University Technologi MARA,Selangor 10050,Malaysia;Hunan Vocational College of Railway Technology,Zhuzhou,Hunan 412001,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南铁道职业技术学院,湖南株洲412001 [2]马来西亚玛拉工艺大学,雪兰莪州10050马来西亚 [3]湖南铁路科技职业技术学院,湖南株洲412001

出　　处：《机车电传动》2024年第4期155-162,共8页Electric Drive for Locomotives

基　　金：2022年度湖南省自然科学基金项目(2022JJ50097)。

摘　　要：永磁同步电机(Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor,PMSM)弱磁控制系统常用于电动汽车领域。电动汽车运行于低速时,PMSM需要输出大转矩,以响应快速起步、加速及爬坡需求;电动汽车运行于高速,且超过额定速度时,PMSM处于弱磁状态,需具备一定的带载能力,以满足高速行驶和超车工况。针对PMSM弱磁控制中的转速突变,文章设计了自抗扰控制器(Active Disturbances Rejection Controller,ADRC)替代速度外环PI控制器,对扰动项快速观测和补偿,减小速度突变对系统造成干扰,实现转速精准跟踪。针对转矩项干扰,结合转矩和磁链输出值设计有限集模型预测控制(Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control,FCS-MPC)以替代传统直接转矩控制(Direct Torque Control,DTC),构建令转矩和磁链脉动最小的价值函数,再通过价值函数的计算寻优,选取出最优空间矢量控制信号输送给逆变器。基于ADRC和FCS-MPC的优化作用,弱磁控制系统的抗扰能力、电流和转矩输出精度增强,试验验证了所设计系统的可行性和性能优势。The field weakening control system for permanent magnet synchronous motors(PMSM)is commonly used in the field of electric vehicles(EV).PMSMs need to deliver high torque output to meet the demands of rapid starting,acceleration,and climbing for EVs when operating at low speeds.Moreover,they needs to maintain a certain load capacity in a field weakening state to support highspeed driving and overtaking for EVs when operating beyond the rated speed.To address speed mutations in PMSM field weakening control,this paper proposes the design of an active disturbance rejection controller(ADRC)to replace the proportional integral(PI)controller in the speed outer loop.The ADRC can quickly observe and compensate for disturbance terms,reducing system interference caused by speed mutations and enabling accurate speed tracking.To mitigate torque term interferences,this paper presents a combination of finite control set model predictive control(FCS-MPC)and a model predictive torque control system based on torque and flux linkage output design,to replace traditional direct torque control(DTC).Based on a value function constructed to minimize torque and flux linkage ripples,calculations and optimizations enable the selection of optimal space vector control signals that are then transmitted to the inverters.The optimized field weakening control system,incorporating both ADRC and FCS-MPC,demonstrates improvements in disturbance immunity,as well as current and torque output torque.The feasibility and performance advantages of the designed system are verified through experiments.

关 键 词：永磁同步电机 自抗扰 模型预测控制 弱磁控制 速度转矩突变 稳定性 

分 类 号：TP273[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TM351[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程] TM341[电气工程—电机]