元宇宙赋能幼儿情境学习的内在机理、潜在风险与教育启示  

Metaverse Empowering Children's Situated Learning:Internal Mechanism,Potential Risk and Educational Implications

作　　者：祝传鹏 么加利[1] ZHU Chuanpeng;YAO Jiali(Faculty of Education,Southwest University,Chongqing,400715,China;School of Educational Sciences,Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong,Shaanxi,723001,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学教育学部,重庆400715 [2]陕西理工大学教育科学学院,陕西汉中723001

出　　处：《教育与教学研究》2024年第9期17-32,共16页Education and Teaching Research

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究项目“民族地区学前儿童国家通用语言能力测评与提升研究”(编号:2020PY63);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“中华民族共同体意识教育的知识体系与课程建构研究”(编号:22JJD840016);陕西理工大学教育科学研究项目“马克思人学视角下立德树人内涵的逻辑生成与实践进路”(编号:JYYJ2023-15)。

摘　　要：元宇宙是一个“创世性”的存在论事件,作为媒介高级形态的元宇宙将对人类的存在方式产生颠覆性影响。从感官体验的维度看,具身沉浸是元宇宙在用户感知交互层面典型的媒介特性。元宇宙赋能幼儿情境学习的内在机理是:情境是促进幼儿有意义学习的重要因素,元宇宙为幼儿情境学习所需的具身情境的创设提供了技术支持,具身情境的创设主要体现在知识情境创设和教学情境创设两个方面。然而,在元宇宙赋能幼儿情境学习的同时,也存在着两种潜在风险:一是元宇宙的“似真实”特性导致幼儿身体感知偏差,二是元宇宙的“超真实”特性导致幼儿主体认知偏差。这使得元宇宙的情境赋能和潜在风险体现出一种一体两面式的悖论。元宇宙赋能幼儿情境学习的教育启示:一是坚持以现实物理世界规律为基准的教育元宇宙沉浸设计观;二是坚持“参与”和“批判”相结合的元宇宙媒介使用观;三是坚持以现实世界为重心的幼儿教育场域选择观。The Metaverse is a"genesis-like"ontological event.As an advanced fom of media,the Metaverse will have a disruptive impact on the way of human existence.From the perspective of sensory experience,embodied immersion is a typical media characteristic of the Metaverse in the terms of user perception and interaction.The inherent mechanism of the Metaverse empowering young children's situated learning is that context is a necessary prerequisite for meaningful learning,and the Metaverse provides technical support for the creation of embodied situations for young children's situated learning,which are mainly reflected in two aspects:creation of knowledge context and teaching situation.While empowering the situated learning of young children in the Metaverse,there are also two risks:first,the"quasi real"nature of the Metaverse leads to biases in children's physical perception,and second,the"hyper real'nature of the Metaverse leads to biases in children's subjective cognition.This makes the contextual empowerment and potential risks of the Metaverse manifest as a paradox of two sides of the same coin.Educational implications of the Metaverse empowering young children's situated learning are as follows:First,adhere to an immersive design concept of the educational metaverse that is based on the principles of the real physical world.Second,maintain a media usage perspective that combines"participation'and"critique"of the Metaverse.Third,focus on educational field selecting perspective for young children that are centered around the real world.

关 键 词：元宇宙 情境学习 幼儿 具身认知 风险 

分 类 号：C612[社会学]