Dosage and utilization of dexamethasone in the management of COVID-19: A critical review  

作　　者：Imran Sethi Asim Shaikh Musa Sethi Hira Khalid Chohan Sheraz Younus Syed A Khan Salim Surani 

机构地区：[1]Department of Critical Care Medicine,Marion General Hospital,Marion,IN 46952,United States [2]Department of Medicine,Aga Khan University,Karachi 74200,Sindh,Pakistan [3]Department of Medicine,Eman School,Fishers,IN 46038,United States [4]Department of Internal Medicine,Dow University of Health Science,Karachi 74200,Sindh,Pakistan [5]Department of Hospital Medicine,Franciscan Health,Indianapolis,IN 46237,United States [6]Department of Critical Care Medicine,Mayo Clinic Health System,Mankato,MN 56001,United States [7]Department of Medicine and Pharmacology,Texas A and M University,College Station,TX 77843,United States

出　　处：《World Journal of Virology》2024年第3期107-114,共8页世界病毒学杂志

摘　　要：BACKGROUND The severe respiratory manifestations observed in severe coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)cases are often associated with an excessive inflammatory response.Dexamethasone,a synthetic glucocorticoid,exerts its anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the transcription of pro-inflammatory genes and suppressing the activity of various immune cells.This mechanism has implications for mitigating the cytokine storm observed in severe COVID-19 cases.Early on in the pandemic,the Recovery Collaborative working group showed a mortality benefit of using dexamethasone in decreasing mortality in patients with COVID-19 requiring respiratory support.However,the optimal dosage of corticosteroids remains debatable.Several studies that compare different doses of dexamethasone in COVID-19 exist,but the results are conflicting.AIM To review the latest evidence regarding dosage,safety,and efficacy of dexamethasone in severe COVID-19.METHODS We followed preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis guidelines.A detailed literature search was conducted across PubMed,Google Scholar,and Medline to include publications up to March 2024.Our keywords included“COVID-19”“SARS-CoV-2”“dexamethasone”“corticosteroid”“steroid”and“glucocorticoid”-along with their combinations.We employed the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale to evaluate the integrity and potential of bias in the included studies.A meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model,assessing pooled odds ratios and mean differences,with heterogeneity gauged by the I2 statistic and theχ^(2) tests.RESULTS No statistical differences were found in 28-day all-cause mortality[pooled odds ratio(OR)=1.109,95%CI:0.918-1.340],60-day all-cause mortality(OR=0.873,95%CI:0.744-1.024;I2=47.29%),mean length of hospital stay(mean difference=-0.08 days,95%CI:-0.001 to 0.161)and adverse events(OR=0.877,95%CI:0.707-1.087).CONCLUSION Differing doses of corticosteroids have no clinical implications on mortality,mean len

关 键 词：COVID-19 STEROIDS CORTICOSTEROIDS Steroid dosage Critical care Corona virus 

分 类 号：R563.1[医药卫生—呼吸系统]